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VERB: A word which is used to describe an ACTION or indicate a CONDITION
ACTION VERBS
TRANSITIVE action verbs do an action TO a noun. That noun id called the DIRECT OBJECT and is said to “receive
the action of the verb.”
EXAMPLES:
-I eat cheeseburgers. (verb=eat; what gets eaten? Cheeseburgers=direct object)
-She completed homework. (verb=completed; what gets completed? Homework=direct object)
INTRANSITIVE action verbs do not require a direct object.
EXAMPLES:
-I run. (verb=run)
-I run quickly. (verb=run; TRICK! quickly is not a NOUN, it is an adverb telling “in what manner” I run.)
-He explains. (verb=explains)
-She jumps. (verb=jumps)
-She jumps over the hurdle. (verb=jumps; TRICK! over the hurdle is not a NOUN, it is an adverbial phrase telling
“where.”)
Practice
Identify the transitive verb and the direct object in each sentence.
1. Tony played football every day.
TRANSITIVE VERB: _____________
DIRECT OBJECT: _______________
2. Jazmin dyes her hair once a week.
TRANSITIVE VERB: _____________
DIRECT OBJECT: _______________
3. Because I like cookies, I ate the whole box.
TRANSITIVE VERB: _____________
DIRECT OBJECT: _______________
Identify the intransitive verb.
1. Romeo leapt over the wall.
INTRANSITIVE VERB: _________________
2. Juliet kissed passionately.
INTRANSITIVE VERB: __________________
3. They married in haste.
INTRANSITIVE VERB: __________________
4. Mercutio died.
INTRANSITIVE VERB: ___________________
Now choose ANY sentence above. Rewrite the sentence and add and adjective. Circle the adjective.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Choose ANY sentence above. Rewrite the sentence and add an adverb. Circle the adverb.
________________________________________________________________________________
Turn this paper over and take notes in sentence diagramming.
CONDITION VERBS
1. Define not what a subject does, but instead define what a subject IS.
2. “BE” verbs
a. Conjugations of “to be”
i. I am, he is, she is, it is, they are, we are, you are; I was, he was, she was,
it was, they were, we were, you were.
ii. Can be followed be an ADJECTIVE (called a SUBJECT COMPLEMENT)
which modifies the SUBJECT
1. I am intelligent. (I=noun subject; am=be verb;
intelligent=adjective subject complement)
2. Sarah is creative. (Sarah=noun subject; is=be verb; creative=
adjective subject complement)
iii. Can be followed by a NOUN (also called a NOMINAL SUBJECT
COMPLEMENT) which gives identity to the SUBJECT (tells what other
noun the subject noun is)
1. Bob is an athlete. (Bob=noun subject; is=be verb; an
athlete=nominal subject complement)
2. They are a team. (They= noun subject; are=be verb; a team=
nominal subject compliment)
3. LINKING verbs
a. Indentify condition or state without using a “be” verb; usually based on the five
senses:
i. Seems, appears, looks, feels, tastes, smells, sounds
ii. CAREFUL! Many linking verbs can also be transitive or intransitive
verbs…you have to look at what comes after the verb…if it is an
ADJECTIVE SUBJECT COMPLEMENT, then the verb is a linking verb. If it is
an ADVERB or DIRECT OBJECT, then the verb is an action verb.
1. EXAMPLES:
a. The movie seems confusing. (movie=subject;
seems=linking verb; confusing=adjective subject
complement)
b. Pizza tastes wonderful. (pizza=subject; tastes=linking
verb; wonderful=adjective subject complement)
c. I taste pizza. (I=subject; taste=transitive verb;
pizza=direct object)
iii. “HELPING” or AUXILIARY verbs
1. may, might, must, do, does ,did, should, could, would, have,
had, has, will, can, shall, plus the “be” verbs if followed by
another verb.
2. A helping verb is followed by the “main verb.”
3. EXAMPLES:
a. They might watch the movie. (might=helping verb;
watch=main transitive verb)
b. He did go to the dance. (did=helping verb; go=main
intransitive verb)
c. The dog could feel lonely. (could=helping verb;
feel=main linking verb)
4. BE VERBS can be helping verbs; in which case the main verb
is usually the –ing form
a. She was winning the race. (was=helping verb;
watch=main intransitive verb)
b. My dog is chasing the cat. (is=helping verb;
chasing=main transitive verb)
5. VERB CHAINS might have multiple auxiliary verbs.
a. She would have been the winner. (would have=auxiliary
verbs; been=main verb)
b. They should have arrived yesterday. (should
have=auxiliary verbs; arrived=main verb)