Download Russian Nationalism

Russian Nationalism
19th Century
Westernization
Peter I's brought westernization to
Russia.
Russian national costume,
hairstyle, discouraged.
Fine for wearing a beard.
The nobility preferred to speak
French rather than Russian even in
private.
th
19
 Saw
A
Century
a revival in Russian nationalism.
motto, stating "Orthodoxy, Autocracy,
and Nationality," adopted by Emperor
Nicholas I as official doctrine.
Russian Nationalisim
Three components of Uvarov's triad were:



Orthodoxy - Orthodox Christianity and protection of
Russian Orthodox Church.
Autocracy - unconditional loyalty to House of Romanov in
return for paternalist protection for all social estates.
Nationality - recognition of the state-founding role of the
Russian nationality.
Slavophilia
Slavophiles were determined to protect unique
Russian traditions and culture.
They opposed influences of Western Europe on
Russia.
Art
Closely related to revival
in Russian art, Works
concerning Russian
history, mythology and
fairy tales.
Romantic nationalism
inspired paintings,
Vasnetsov Bapt Vladimir
fresco in Kiev by Victor
Vasnetsov
Poetry
Russian poet Tyutchev:
Moscow and Peter's grad, the city of Constantine,
these are the capitals of Russian kingdom.
But where is their limit? And where are their frontiers
to the north, the east, the south and the setting sun?
The Fate will reveal this to future generations.
Seven inland seas and seven great rivers
from the Nile to the Neva, from the Elbe to China,
from the Volga to the Euphrates, from Ganges to the Danube.
That's the Russian Kingdom, and let it be forever,
just as the Spirit foretold and Daniel prophesied.
Pan-Slavism
Pan-Slavism, an idea of unity and friendship of all Slavic
and Orthodox Christian nations, gained popularity in the
mid to late 19th century.
Pan-Slavism was fueled and, in
turn, was the fuel, in Russia's
numerous wars against
Ottoman Empire with the goal
to liberate Orthodox nations,
such as Bulgars, Serbs, and
Greeks, from Muslim rule.
Pan-Slavism cont


The final goal was Constantinople, (Istanbul) the Russian
Empire still considered itself the "Third Rome" and saw
its duty in freeing the "Second Rome."
Pan-Slavism had a key role in Russia's entry into World
War I as well, since it is the 1914 invasion of Serbia by
Austria-Hungary that triggered Russia's response.
Decline of Nationalism

As the 20th century was
approaching, Russia was
attempting to catch up to the
Industrial Revolution.

The already vast gap of wealth
between the rich elite and the
mass poor had grown even
more.

This caused patriotic
enthusiasm to decline. Never
forget enlightenment.
The Evils of Nationalism
Two results of Russian nationalism arose:
chauvinism and antisemitism. They were
inspired by marginal groups like “The Black
Hundred” and “Union of the Russian People”.
Their motto was 'Russia for Russians'.
 Those parties remained monarchist and antiSemitic; they were organized by wealthy and
powerful aristocrats and enjoyed oversight by
the Imperial authorities.

Revolution

With World War I, the Empire attempted to
revive the national spirit. As the war effort failed
so did the popularity of Nicholas II. He was
overthrown by the Russian Revolution.

In the subsequent civil war, the loosely allied
monarchist and anti-communist White Army
continued to carry the banner of Russian
nationalism until they were eliminated by the
communist revolutionaries. (Red Army)