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The New England Colonies
The Migration of Puritans and Pilgrims
Puritans and Colonization of New England

Puritans were a group of
people who criticized (wanted to
“purify”) the corruption and
hierarchy in the Church of
England.

The Church of England was the
official church in England that
everyone automatically
belonged to.

Puritans believed that the
final authority came from the
Bible, not from church
officials, and therefore, every
individual had direct access
to the word of God.
Plymouth (Massachusetts) 1620

Some Puritans wanted to
completely separate from
the Church of England
(they were called
Separatists).

The group of Pilgrims who
came on the Mayflower in
1620 were Separatists.

Created Mayflower
Compact
◦ Began idea of self-government
and majority rule in colonies
Agreement Between the
Settlers at New Plymouth : 1620
IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We, whose names are underwritten,
the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the
Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of
the Faith, &c. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and
Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King and
Country, a Voyage to plant the first Colony in the northern Parts of
Virginia; Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence
of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together
into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and
Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid:
And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and
equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Officers, from time
to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general
Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due Submission and
Obedience.
IN WITNESS whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at
Cape-Cod the eleventh of November, in the Reign of our Sovereign
Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and
of Scotland the fifty-fourth, Anno Domini; 1620.
The New England Colonies
The Migration of Puritans and Pilgrims
New Hampshire 1623
 John
Mason wanted
to start a colony for
fishing and trade
◦ Portsmouth
 Expanded
by John
Wheelwright in 1638 Atlantic Cod
◦ Some Puritans from
Massachusetts seek
more freedoms
Charles I

Reigned 1625-1649

Son of James I

Didn’t get along
with the Puritans or
Parliament

Wanted to help the
Catholics
Massachusetts Bay 1630

Settled by the Puritans
◦ Great Migration
 15,000 Puritans left England
◦ Loyal to the Church of England,
but believed they could purify
the behavior of individuals
(purify the Church from within).

Instituted Town meetings
◦ self-government
◦ Church was the central focus of each
town

The New England Way
◦ Duty, godliness, hard work

Eventually Absorbed
Plymouth

Founded Harvard College in
1636 to train Puritan ministers
John Winthrop
“We shall be a city upon a hill,
the eyes of all people on us"
Reading Like a Historian - Puritans
Central Question:
Were the Puritans selfish or selfless?
Connecticut 1636

Continuation of the Great
Migration of the Puritans
◦ Dissatisfied with lack of
freedoms in Massachusetts

Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
◦ First written Constitution in
colonies
◦ Extended voting rights to all
citizens
◦ Limited power of the
governor
Thomas Hooker
Rhode Island 1636
Roger Williams

Roger Williams was
kicked out of
Massachusetts

Believed in the
separation of church
and state

Thought the Native
Americans should be
treated fairly
Pilgrims Differences
Puritans Differences
Similarities
Pilgrims
Puritans