Download The Industrial Revolution Spreads

The Industrial Revolution
Spreads
During the 1800’s, the United States
and several European countries
joined Britain in the Industrial
Revolution.
Germany and the U.S. become
industrial giants.
• They had more coal and iron than
Britain.
• Both nations made use of British
technology.
• By the late 1800’s, they led the world in
production.
Henry Bessemer
• Was from Britain and he created a
process that turned iron ore into steel.
• It became known as the Bessemer
Process.
• It was created in 1856.
Alexander Graham Bell
• Was from the United States.
• He created the Telephone in 1876.
Thomas Edison
• Was from the United States and he
created the Electric Light bulb in 1879.
• Patented thousands of inventions.
• Another invention he would make
would be the phonograph.
Gottlieb Daimler
• Was from Germany and he created the
first automobile in 1887.
Henry Ford
• Was from the United States and he
created the first Mass-Produced
automobile in 1903.
Orville and Wilbur Wright
• Were from the United States and they
created the first airplane in 1903.
New Inventions of the Industrial
revolution
• Interchangeable parts- These are parts
that can be used in place of one
another.
Assembly Lines
• Made work faster and less costly in
factories.
• Benefitted the consumer, products
were now more affordable.
Innovations in Business
• Corporation – business owned by many people
(stock holders)
• Monopoly – one company that controlled an
entire industry
• Trust – a group of companies that work together
to reduce competition and control prices
• Cartel – a loosely organized group of companies
that fix prices, set quotas and divide up the
market
The Industrial revolution brings
change to cities
• Populations grew rapidly in the 1800’s.
– People were living longer
– Farming methods gave people a better diet
– Medical Discoveries slowed death rates.
Medical Discoveries
• Louis Pasteur- French scientist proved
that germs caused disease.
• Created Pasteurization.
Joseph Lister
• He found that antiseptics killed germs.
• This created better health habits and
cleaner hospitals.
• It brought a drop in disease, infection,
and death.
• Listerine is named after him.
Cities change Physically
• Department stores and offices begin to
line the streets.
• American builders begin building
Skyscrapers. (Bessemer Process)
• New Sewers were built.
• Gas and electric lights made streets
safer.
• Trolley lines were built which meant
people could live miles from their jobs.
Problems arise in the new cities
• Crime rates rose tremendously.
• Crowded with people.
• The poor lived in run down tenement
buildings near the factories called
slums.
Many City Factories were unsafe
• Men, women, and children worked long
hours for low pay.
• By the late 1800’s, labor unions were
legal in most western nations.
– They called for new laws to improve
conditions
– Limit work hours
– End child labor.
With all its problems why did
people still come to the city?
• Music Halls for concerts and plays.
• Parks for recreation.
• Libraries for information, remember
there was no T.V., Radio, or computers
at this time.
• The number one reason was for jobs.
The majority of jobs was located in the
city.