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ANATOMY Introduction Anatomy and Histology 2014 Levels of structural organization (1) CHEMICAL LEVEL (2) CELLULAR LEVEL (3) TISSUE LEVEL (5) SYSTEM LEVEL (6) ORGANISM LEVEL (4) ORGAN LEVEL Anatomy and Histology 2014 Anatomical Position and Terminology Orbital (Eye) Otic (Ear) Nasal (Nose) Oral (Mouth) Cranial (Skull) CERVICAL CEPHALIC (Shoulder) (Neck) Thorax (Chest) Axillary (Armpit) Carpal (Wrist) Palm Digital, Palangeal (fingers) TRUNK Antebrachial (Forearm) Vertebral (Spinal column) Brachial (Arm) Abdomen Antecubital (Elbow) Cubital Dorsal (Back) UPPER LIMB Lumbar (Loin) Pelvis Manual (Hand) Femoral (Thigh) Patellar (Knee) Popliteal Crural (Leg) Pedal (Foot) (Head) Acromial Tarsal (Ankle) Anatomy and Histology 2014 LOWER LIMB DIRECTIONAL TERMINOLOGY SUPERIOR (cephalic or cranial) Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure. INFERIOR (caudal) Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure. ANTERIOR (ventral) Nearer to or at the front of the body. POSTERIOR (dorsal) Nearer to or at the back of the body. MEDIAL Nearer to the midline LATERAL Farther from the midline. INTERMEDIATE Between two structures. IPSILATERAL On the same side of the body as another structure. CONTRALATERAL On the opposite side of the body from another structure. PROXIMAL Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk DISTAL Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk SUPERFICIAL (external) Toward or on the surface of the body. DEEP (internal) Away from the surface of the body. VISCERAL Nearer to the internal organs PARIETAL Farther from the internal organs Anatomy and Histology 2014 DIRECTIONAL TERMINOLOGY LATERAL MEDIAL Midline LATERAL SUPERIOR PROXIMAL INFERIOR DISTAL Anatomy and Histology 2014 Planes Imaginary flat surfaces that pass through the body parts Frontal plane Transverse plane Parasagittal plane Oblique plane Midsagittal plane Anatomy and Histology 2014 Planes and Sections Frontal plane View Frontal section Anatomy and Histology 2014 Planes and Sections View Transverse plane Transverse section Anatomy and Histology 2014 Planes and Sections Sagittal plane Sagittal section View Anatomy and Histology 2014 Body Cavities Cranial cavity Vertebral cavity Thoracic cavity Body cavities are spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs. Diaphragm Abdominopelvic cavity: Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity Anatomy and Histology 2014 Organs inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are called Viscera Distribution of body fluids Anatomy and Histology 2014 Exchange of water among body fluid compartments Anatomy and Histology 2014