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Phrases Taken from The Magic Lens by Michael Clay Thompson Phrase A phrase IS: group of words without a subject and its predicate, that acts like a single part of speech. Ex. A government of the people, by the people, and for the people. A phrase is NOT: A complete idea. A clause. Clauses have subjects and predicates. Phrases don’t I jumped. (Clause) In the boat (Phrase) Appositive Phrases An appositive phrase: Comes from “pos” (put) and “ap” (beside) Is an interrupting definition. Defines a noun (thus = adjective). Consists of one word or an entire phrase. Is usually enclosed in commas. Appositive Phrase Examples: Botticelli, the Renaissance painter, painted angels. My friend Hamlet is a woodworking artist. Come up with three of your own: 1. 2. 3. Prepositional Phrases A prepositional phrase: Begins with a preposition Concludes with the object of the preposition Relates its object to another word in the sentence. Ex. The dog in the boat barked. What does the preposition “in” show a spatial relationship between? Verbal Phrases Verbal: a verb form used as a different part of speech. NOT a verb. A verb gets changed into a different part of speech. 3 Kinds of Verbals Gerunds: Nouns made from –ing verbs (live vs. living) Make three gerunds now! Subjects and objects may be made out of gerunds. Gerund phrase: The living is easy. Use your gerunds from above in three sentences & underline the gerund phrase! 3 Kinds of Verbals continued … Participles: Adjectives made out of –ing, -ed, or -en verbs. (swell vs. swollen) Make three participles now! Participial Phrase: The river—swollen with the recent rains–crested over its banks. Use your participles from above in three sentences & underline the participial phrases! 3 Kinds of Verbals continued … Infinitives: Nouns or modifiers made from the to- form of verbs. (to be, to think, to dream) Infinitives are ONE word. Make three infinitives now! Infinitives continued … “To be or not to be” = 4 words! An infinitive can be an adjective: “The book to read is Hamlet.” An infinitive can be a noun: “Hamlet loves to read.” Use your infinitives from above in three sentences & underline the infinitive phrases.