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Members:
-Nicholas Neemar
-Christian Mahabir
-Joshua Mendez
-Daniel Joseph
Andrew Mussio
-Jordan Mazelie
-Joshua Olowe
CLASS: FORM 3:3
TEACHER: MR. A. COOPER
The Structure And Function Of The Liver In The Process Of Digestion &
Assimilation
The Liver is a large, triangular organ in the upper right part of the
abdomen, on top of the stomach. It is the largest organ inside the body
.In the Liver, there are two lobes that are separated by a ligament.
Functions Of The Liver In Digestion & Assimilation
-The Liver removes many of the toxins and unusable materials and it
stores some A & B vitamins.
-The Liver produces Bile and Urea (Bile is used as a digestive agent).
-The Liver produces immune factors and removes bacteria from the
blood stream.
-To process nutrients absorbed from the small intestine.
-The Liver takes the raw materials absorbed by the intestine and makes
all the various chemicals the body needs to function.
-The secretion of Bile and Bile salts.
-Breakdown of Red Blood Cells
-Synthesis of plasma proteins
The Structure And Function Of The Pancreas In The Process Of
Digestion And Assimilation
The pancreas is a long flat gland that lies in the abdomen behind the stomach, it
produces enzymes that are released into the small intestine to help with
digestion.
Functions Of The Pancreas In Digestion & Assimilation
The pancreas has two main functions which are an exocrine function
that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood
sugar.
The pancreas contains exocrine glands that produce enzymes
important to digestion. When food enters the stomach, these
pancreatic juices are released into a system of ducts that culminate in
the main pancreatic duct. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile
duct to form the ampulla of Vater which is located at the first portion
of the small intestine, called the duodenum. The common bile duct
originates in the liver and the gall bladder and produces another
important digestive juice called bile . The pancreatic juices and bile that
are released into the duodenum, help the body to digest fats,
carbohydrates, and proteins.
The endocrine component of the pancreas consists of islet cells that
create and release important hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Two of the main pancreatic hormones are insulin, which acts to lower
blood sugar, and glucagon, which acts to raise blood sugar. Maintaining
proper blood sugar levels is crucial to the functioning of key organs
including the brain, liver, and kidneys.
HOW IT WORKS
There is a tube called the pancreatic duct which leads from the
pancreas into the duodenum. The pancreas makes a fluid called
pancreatic juice which flows along the tube and contains many
enzymes. One of the enzymes are called amylase that breaks down
starch to maltose. There is a protease that is called trypsin which breaks
down proteins to polypeptides and there is lipase which breaks down
fats to fatty acids and glycerol. These enzymes do not work well in acid
environments. Pancreatic juice contains sodium hydrogen carbonate
and it neutralizes the hydrochloric acid that came from chyme that
came from the stomach.
MAIN ENZYMES
-Amylase
-Trypsin
-Lipase
Amylase
Amylase is an enzyme that speeds up the rate of the breakdown of
starch into sugars. Amylase can be found in human saliva, where the
process of digestion is started.
TRYPSIN
Trypsin is an enzyme that is found in the digestive system of many
vertebrates. Trypsin is produced by the pancreas and Trypsin forms
proteins.
Lipase
Lipase is an enzyme that speeds up the rate of the formation of fats
(Lipids). Lipase performs essential roles in digestion and in transport
and processing of dietary Lipids.