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World History: Unit 5 Study Guide (Completed)
Renaissance and Reformation
1. Define Renaissance- a cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe
2. Define Humanism- a cultural thought that focused on individual achievements and refocused on Ancient
Greek & Roman thought
3. Who was the Medici family and how did they influence the Renaissance? A wealthy Italian family that
invested in the arts during the Renaissance. They ruled Florence and were responsible for the political
aspects of Florence.
4. What is a Renaissance man? A person with many talents and knowledge
5. Who are some examples of Renaissance men? Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci
6. What were some of Michelangelo’s talents? Painter, sculptor, architect
7. What were some of Leonardo da Vinci’s talents? Artist, scientist, inventor
8. What are some examples of art created from Michelangelo? Painting of the Sistine Chapel, Pieta, David,
Creation of Adam
9. What are some examples of art created from Leonardo da Vinci? Mona Lisa, The Last Supper
10. How were the Renaissance art and medieval art different? Renaissance art was 3 dimensional and life
like
11. What did Martin Luther want to change about the Christian Church? He wanted to stop the sale of
indulgences and print the bible in the vernacular (common language)
12. What did Martin Luther write and nail to the doors of the church? 95 Theses
13. Where did the Renaissance begin? Florence, Italy
14. How did the geography contribute to the rise of the Renaissance? The location near the Mediterranean
Sea
15. Who wrote The Prince? What was the significance of it during the Renaissance? Machiavelli. He wrote
that leaders should seek and maintain power.
16. What invention contributed to the spread of Martin Luther’s ideas? Gutenberg printing press
17. What was the first book printed by Gutenberg? The Bible
18. What was an indulgence in the Catholic Church? The selling of forgiveness of sin
19. What were the ideas of John Calvin? He believed in pre-destination, that it was pre-determined who
would go to heaven
20. Who was Henry VIII? An English king who wanted a son. He created the Church of England
21. How many wives did Henry VIII have? 6
22. What did Henry VIII do when the pope refused to grant a divorce or annulment? He was
excommunicated from the Catholic Church and started his own Church of England where he was leader.
23. What was the Protestant Reformation? 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural
changes that splintered religious unity in Europe
24. What was a result of the Protestant Reformation? A decline in religious unity & power. Protestant
churches
25. What did Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII all have in common? They were all Renaissance
Reformers that led to the decline in religious unity in Europe.