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Directions: Fill in the boxes with concrete details as you research. Circle positive details and Underline negative ones. Athenian Education - - Purpose = to produce good citizens (only boys) with a sharp mind and healthy body Boys went to school age 6-14 in academics, sports, and music Boys at age 18 began military training (to become a hoplite), then learned debating and public speaking Girls did not read or write, helped around the house, married at 15 Spartan Education - Athenian Women and Slaves - - - Non-citizens = fewer rights Women were non-citizens in Athens Women could not: inherit or own property, vote or attend the Assembly, choose a husband Some were priestesses – but only very few Women had to manage the house and raise children – educating daughters until they were 15 Women could not go out alone Most people owned at least 1 slave Slave = born as a slave, captured during war or sold self or child into slavery because of debt Some slaves were highly skilled; could do jobs ranging from farmer to craftsman (not paid, obviously…) Purpose = to produce men and women to protect the city-state Valued discipline and strength At age 7 all children (even girls) trained to fight Boys were taught to read and write, but it was unimportant Taught to endure pain without complaining Needed to sneak around and steal from other people but were punished harshly if caught Men at age 20 were given a fitness test to become a citizen Men could not live at home until they were 30 (10 years of active military duty away from home) Spartan Women and Slaves - - - - Women were expected to be strong and healthy, ready to fight Women had many more rights than women in other city-states; they could own property and choose a husband Women were trained to fight and could control husband’s property when he went to war Slaves (helots) = people conquered by Sparta There existed more helots than Spartans, so they treated them harshly to maintain power/keep order Helot population was “limited” sometimes to prevent a revolt – Spartans could legally kill helots Helots had some rights - choose a spouse, sell extra crops, buy freedom Athenian Economy - - - - Economy – the way a community or region organizes the manufacture and exchange of money, food, products, and services Traded by sea, due to geography, to get natural resources Because of trade with other Poleis, developed good relationships with many other colonies and city-states – shared culture Most Athenians might make their own clothing but buy sandals and jewelry Agora – large marketplace to sell goods and slaves, visit temples, and debate political issues Developed their own coins to make trade easier Spartan Economy - Relied on farming and conquering Took farmland from their neighbors Used helots and perioikoi to do regular jobs and make things because they were too busy training to be warriors to produce goods for themselves - Helots = Slaves - Perioikoi = Free people, but not “Spartan” citizens - Discouraged trade with other city-states due to a fear that contact with other city-states would lead to new ideas that would weaken their government - Trade was difficult; no coins, but instead used large iron bars (other poleis weren’t very interested in these…) Athenian Government - - - Direct Democracy (citizens directly make decisions) Citizens – men over 18 born in Athens Council of 500; selected by a lottery system and served for a whole year. Met every day – proposed (made up) laws Citizens Assembly met every 10 days – approved laws If not enough people showed up to the Assembly, slaves would run around with red paint dabbing citizens that were too “lazy” to go – this would publicly embarrass them Every citizen had the right to speak at Assembly meetings Spartan Government - - Oligarchy – ruling power in the hands of just a few people Council of Elders – small group, 2 Kings and 28 other men elected by Assembly. Had to be 60 years of age and from a noble family. Council members elected by assembly Council of Elders could stop any laws passed by the Assembly that they did not like Assembly – had an assembly like Athens, but it had much less power and did not debate. Could only vote yes or no on laws suggested by Council of Elders