Download Nerladdning Linux-labben - TFE

Institutionen för
2015-02-26
Tillämpad fysik och elektronik
Ola Ågren/Stig Byström
Originalförlaga:
Lars Sjöberg
Linux
Experiment - assignment
Goals:
 Install and familiarize yourself with a common Linux distribution, its
configuration and some system administration.
 Learn how to manage users, groups and resources.
 Learn how to write basic bash scripts.
Learn Equipment
 Elaboration computer (server).
 Client computer for testing FTP and SSH access.
 Network
What to do:
 Read the instructions.
 Connect the computers the the network.
 Install a Linux distribution (recommended Ubuntu 10.04 LTS) and make
the configurations and tasks listed below.
 All configurations and tasks should be done in the command-line interface
(CLI).
 You have to finish each task before you move to the next.
 Each task may give you one (1) point.
Rev E
Task 1 Linux-server. 1p
A. Install Linux.
B. Test the following Linux commands, read the man-pages and make sure
you understand what they do and how they work.
ls
cd cd .. cd / cd~
pwd
mkdir, rmdir
cp, mv, rm
cat, tail
df
echo
find, which, locate
wget
grep, sort, wc, sed, gawk
mount
tar, gzip
ps, top
kill
who, whoami, su, finger
shutdown, poweroff, exit, reboot
sudo
C. Start a text editor and make sure you learn how to open, save, search
within and close files. Make sure to familiarize yourself with it – it will be
your most important tool during this assignment!
D. Configure the network. Tip: ifconfig, route and resolv.conf
E. User administration.
1) Create user accounts for Linus, Bill and Steve. All three must have
a working home directory and a password.
2) Create two groups: economy and finance. Add Linus and Bill to
economy and Steve to finance.
3) Create two directories economy and finance in /home.
4) Set the permissions so that only the economy group has read-write
access to the economy directory and the finance group to the
finance directory. All new files created in these directories should
automatically belong to the group associated with the directory.
5) Make sure that everyone with read-write access to a directory has
full access to all files in that directory. Bill should be able to open
and edit a text file that Linus created in the economy directory. (tip:
umask)
6) Write a BASH script that automatize adding user account, use the
script to create user accounts for Anna, Charlotta and Ida. All three
must have a working home directory and a password.
7) Add Anna, Charlotta and Ida to the finance group.
8) Change the password for Anna then remove the user account.
Restore the user account. Compare the files /etc/passwd,
/etc/shadow, /etc/group and /etc/gshadow. It is recommended to
copy the files first (use the command cp, the directory /tmp is used
to store temporary files and gets cleaned up at system boot). Open
the files with the command
cat <file>. Document your findings.
F. List all processes that your user is running on the system. Write the result
both to the screen and to a file: processes.txt. Document any processes that
most likely are daemons and explain why you think they are daemons
G. Start the application xeyes. Pause, continue and stop the process with the
kill-command. Document the options you used.
H. Install and configure a FTP server. Configure the server to:
1. Block anonymous logins.
2. Create a FTP user that only has access to a dedicated FTP directory.
(tip: chroot)
3. Connect to the FTP server from the client computer and test your
configuration.
4. Document the settings you used.
Tip: restart the daemon to load changes made to the configuration file.
I. Install and configure an SSH-daemon. Configure the daemon to:
1. Only allow the users Bill and Ida to login.
2. Ida should be able to SU to root.
3. Connect to the system via SSH from the client computer. Test your
configuration.
4. Using the user account Ida: login via SSH and change Steve’s
password.
5. Document the settings you used.
Tip: restart the daemon to load changes made to the configuration file.
Task 2 (+1p)
J. Ask the user if his/her home directory should be copied to /backup.
If the user responds with Y the script should execute the backup
operation.
K. Create a script that automatically copies a user’s home directory to
/backup at logon. (tip: .profile)
L. Document your work.
Task 3 (+1p)
M. Create a cron job that updates the system clock every minute and writes
the current time to a console of your choosing.
N. Document your settings and attach a screen dump of the console
printout.
Tip: ntpdate. All open consoles could be found under /dev/pts/ and
all “normal” text consoles under /dev/tty1-tty6. You can access these
with to ctrl-alt-f1 – ctrl-alt-f6.
Report:
Show the tutor that your configurations work , you may only need to show some
of the solutions. Put together a simple report including (E:6, E:8, F, G, H:4, I:5, L
& N) and give/send it to the tutor.
To observe: Installations and configurations during this course should be well documented, for
your own sake.