Download Cell Transport – Review Sheet

Cell Transport – Review Sheet
1. How does the cell membrane help maintain homeostasis?
Ensures that the required materials can get in and the materials that need to leave can get out
2. What does it mean that the membrane is selectively permeable?
The membrane allows some molecules to enter the cell and keeps others out
3. What are the two types of transport?
Passive and Active
4. What are the two main differences between the two types of transport?
Passive: No Energy
Active: Energy
: Concentration Gradient- High to Low
: Against the Concentration GradientLow to High
5. What are the three types of passive transport?
Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
6. What are the three types of active transport?
Protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis
7. In which type of transport do molecules move randomly?
passive
8. In which type of transport do molecules move actively?
active
9. In passive transport, molecules move from areas of ______ concentration to areas of ________
concentration.
High, low
10. In active transport, molecules move from areas of ______ concentration to areas of ________
concentration.
Low, high
11. What is diffusion?
Random movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
12. Diffusion continues until __________________ when molecules still __________ but stay
________________.
Equilibrium, moving, spread out
13. What is facilitated diffusion?
Diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane
How do transport proteins work?
They “select” specific molecules to help pass through the membrane
14. What types of molecules would typically be transported by facilitated diffusion?
Large or charged particles
15. In facilitated diffusion, molecules move from areas of ______ concentration to areas of ________
concentration.
High, low
16. What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
17. In osmosis, _____________ moves from areas of ______ concentration to areas of ________
concentration.
Water, high, low
18. Define solute and solvent.
Solute: what is being dissolved
Solvent: what dissolves the solute
19. A solution that has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside
the cell is _________________.
hypotonic
20. A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside
the cell is _________________.
hypertonic
21. A solution that has an equal concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell is
_________________.
isotonic
22. What would happen to a cell that is placed in a hypotonic solution? What is that called?
Water moves into the cell and the cell swells or bursts; lysis (cytolysis)
23. What would happen to a cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution?
Water moves out of the cell and cell shrinks (Plasmolysis)
24. What happens when a cell is placed in an isotonic solution? What is that called?
Water moves equally in and out and cell stays the same size; dynamic equilibrium
25. What prevents bacteria and plant cells from over-expanding?
The cell wall
26. What is turgor pressure?
The pressure exerted on the cell wall by the water inside the cell
27. A cell has 20% salt and 80% water is in a solution that has 10% salt and 90% water.
a. In what type of solution is the cell? hypotonic
b. Where will water move? Into the cell
c. What will happen to the cell? Cytolysis (cell swell and/or burst)
28. A cell has 20% salt and 80% water is in a solution that has 30% salt and 70% water.
a. In what type of solution is the cell? hypertonic
b. Where will water move? Out of the cell
c. What will happen to the cell? Plasmolysis (Cell with shrink)
29. A cell has 20% salt and 80% water is in a solution that has 20% salt and 80% water.
a. In what type of solution is the cell? isotonic
b. Where will water move? In and out of the cell equally
c. What will happen to the cell? It will reach dynamic equilibrium and stay the same size
30. What are protein pumps?
Transport proteins within the cell membrane that require energy to do work
Ex. Sodium/potassium pump
31. Protein pumps change _________ and require __________.
Shape, energy
32. Protein pumps move molecules from areas of ______ concentration to areas of ________
concentration.
Low, high
33. What is endocytosis?
Taking bulky material into a cell
34. What is exocytosis?
Releasing molecules such as waste materials out of the cell through the cell membrane
35. Why does active transport require more energy than passive transport?
Active transport goes against the concentration gradient. Going against the gradient (low 
high) requires energy.