Download Communication PowerPoint

1. What is communication?
The process:
1. Sender: create and send a message
2. Receiver: receives and process the message
Activity: Telephone Game
 I have a statement that I am going to whisper into
(name of first person’s) ear. S/he is going to whisper
statement into (2nd person) ear..
 The trick is that a person can only say the statement
once, NO REPEATING ALLOWED! Whatever you
hear, pass along the statement the best you can to the
next person.
 The last person will say aloud what he/she heard.
2. Why is communication an
important skill to learn?
 Every goal/task you do is affected by communication
 Basis for good relationships
 Necessary to keep track of family and friends
 Keeps you in touch with the world
3. What are the characteristics of
ethical communication?
 Open & honest
 Helps others
 Does not harm them
 Shows respect
4. Name the four elements that are
part of successful communication.
Communication channels
2. Participation
3. Timing
4. Use of space
1.
5. What are the two different
communication channels?
1.
Verbal communication
 Spoken words
 Written word
2. Nonverbal communication
 Communication without words



Gestures
Facial expressions
Posture
6. What is the importance of
participation in successful
communication?
 2 or more people engage in sharing a message
 Balance in the give-and-take of ideas
 Requires listening
7. Why is timing important in
communication?
 Affects how the message is received
 Relates to whether the receiver is able to concentrate
on the message
 Communicate important messages when someone is
willing and ready to listen
 Ask questions to assess other person’s mood
8. Explain how use of space is used
in communication.
 Communication is best when people are at ease with
the space between them
 Make sure all participants are facing each other
 Keep eyesight on the same level
8. Use of Space (continued)
1.




Intimate Zone
Within 2 feet of the body
Close intimate distance
Very important people allowed here
Most people feel uncomfortable with strangers in this
zone
 Avoid eye contact
8. Use of Space (continued)
2. Personal Zone
 2-3 feet from the body
 Can still touch
 Conversation is private
 For people you know
8. Use of Space (continued)
3. Social Zone
 1-3 yards from the body
 Good eye contact important
 Business transactions
8. Use of Space (continued)
4. Public Zone
 3 yards and out from the body
 For groups and other impersonal situations
 Used in classrooms
9. List all suggestions for keeping
communication positive.
 Treat everyone with respect
 Encourage others to share their ideas
 Compliment others for good ideas & suggestions
 Keep an open mind to others point of view
 Share your thoughts and feelings
 Consider how others feel
 Be sensitive
Video Response:
What does the term valuing diversity mean?
2. How can you value diversity?
3. Which stereotype have you had a difficult time
communicating with before?
4. What were some tips to improve communication
with that stereotype?
1.
Activity: Mini Golf
 Find a partner and get a mini golf paper from your




teacher
Your pencil will be your “club” and a crumbled up
piece of paper will be your “golf ball”
One person will need to close their eyes while their
partner instructs them how to move around the course
to reach the end
If the ball goes off the course at any point, you will
need to go back to start
Make sure you are using effective communication!!
Section 2
I know you believe you understand
what you think I said, but I am not
sure you realize that what you hear is
not what I meant.
1. What is involved in listening
well?
 Understanding the words spoken
 Understanding the feelings behind the words
 Feeling compassion
2. Compare/Contrast the 2 types of
listening.
 Active listening
 Try to understand what the speaker is feeling
 Try to understand what the message really means
 Taking an active part
 Asks questions
 Restating information
 More effective!
2. Compare/Contrast the 2 types of
listening.
 Passive listening
 Listener’s feelings & thoughts are not involved
 Responses invite speaker to share ideas
 Responses do not have judgments/ideas

Ex: Tell me more! Really??
3. Examples of body language that
identify an involved listener
 Leaning toward the speaker
 Maintaining eye contact between speaker & listener
 Using encouraging gestures
Are you an active or passive
listener…
 A man appeared after the owner had turned off his
store lights.
 ?: A businessman turned off the lights. We don’t know if
this man is the owner
 The man demanded money.
 True!
 The man who opened the cash register was the owner.
 ?: The owner opened the cash register but we don’t know
if the owner is a man
 The store owner scooped up the contents of the cash
register and ran away
 ?: We don’t know who scooped up the contents of the
cash register
 After the man who demanded money scooped up the
contents of the cash register, he ran away
 ?: We don’t know if the person ran away or drove away
 While the cash register contained money, the story
does not say how much
 ?: We don’t if there was money in the cash register. The
contents could have been jewelry, important papers, etc.
The Wright Family Story
4. Why are “I-messages” an
effective way to communicate?
 States what you are thinking/feeling
 Encourage positive responses
 Less threatening than “you-messages”
 Behavior + Feeling + Effects
5. Why are messages that start
with “you” problematic?
 May be a direct attack on a person and their actions
 May blame another person for the speaker’s feelings
6. Why is feedback important in
good communication?
 Indicates whether the message was understood
correctly
Kelly has been standing in line for over two
hours to buy a concert ticket. The rule is, one
person, one ticket. Her feet are killing her and
she knows she is in trouble with her mom, who
expected her home by now. But there are only
five people left in front of her and she is sure
she will get a ticket.
Out of nowhere, two girls from school walk up,
make a big deal about meeting up with their
friend who just happens to be standing in front
of Kelly, and take place in line in front of her.
What do you think Kelly
should do?
 Group 1: she should stand there, get angry,
but not say anything
 Group 2: call girls names, threaten to hurt
them if they didn’t move to the end of the
line
 Group 3: speak up and tell them to go to the
back of the line
 How will Kelly feel after making the
response you chose?
 How do you think the two girls who
butted in line will feel if Kelly responds
like you?
 What is the worst thing that could
happen if Kelly makes your response?
1. Passive: not expressing your own needs
and feelings
2. Aggressive: asking/saying what you want in
a threating way
3. Assertive: asking for what you want in a
honest way
7. Qualities of assertive
communication
 Speaking up without being rude
 Not letting others’ opinion overpower yours
 Giving both positive and negative points without
hurting others
 Expressing your opinion and letting others express
their opinion
Assertive communication
 State your position
 “No, I can’t”
 Explain your reasoning
 “I have something else to do that day.”
 Express understanding
 “I hope your can find something else.”
Work in groups to create skits that
illustrate assertive behavior in the
following circumstances:
1. Returning a defective product to a department
store
2. Asking a parent for a raise in allowance
3. Turning down a date.
4. Asking to borrow an older sibling’s clothes
8. What is the first step in
overcoming communication
barriers?
 Recognizing habits or situations that create barriers
9. Communication problems
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Mind reading
Avoiding subjects
Mixed messages
Interference of noise barrier
Silence
Different outlooks
9. Communication problems
Mind reading
 People assume they know what another is thinking
 Often comes to the wrong conclusion
 Mind read because they are too impatient
 Do not want to listen
 A way to dominate the conversation
9. Communication problems
Avoiding subjects
 Death and divorce are common subjects to avoid
 Open conversation by referring to something similar
9. Communication problems
Mixed messages
 Spoken words do not match body language
 Confuses the receiver
 When a mixed message is sent, the nonverbal message
expresses the sender’s true feelings
9. Communication problems
Interference of Noise Barrier
 Communication is hard to complete when there are
interferences
9. Communication problems
Silence
 Can mean disinterest, hostility, boredom or outright
“war”
 Afraid of being laughed at
9. Communication problems
Different outlooks
 Different ideas about the same message
 Age difference
10. When people have different
outlooks, what communication skill
is important?
 Assertive communication
 You can tell your ideas and feelings and let others
express their opinions
Section 3: Nonverbal
Communication
1. Nonverbal Communication
Sadness – most of the long lasting emotions
1.
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
Chin drops down, eyelids tend to droop, crease across
forehead, mouth pulled downward, raised lower
eyelids, raised inner eyelids
Melting off face
2. Surprise – fastest emotion
 Eyebrows curve & rise up, whites of eyes seen, upper
eyelids go up, lower eyelids round, wrinkles across
forehead, mouth opens
1. Nonverbal Communication
3. Fear
 Eyebrows raised & drawn together, upper eyelid rises up,
whites seen above iris, lips parted, pulled down tense
4. Anger
 Brows wrinkled & gets lowered, lip tension, nostril
flaring
1. Nonverbal Communication
5. Disgust
 Forehead relaxed, eyebrow lowered,
wrinkling up the nose, tense lower lid,
raised upper lip
6. Happiness
 Relaxed forehead, narrow eyes, crows feet, lines under
eyes, raised cheeks, mouth corners up, teeth showing
2. Types of Nonverbal
Communication
 Facial Expressions
 Increase the intensity of your emotions
 Postures and Gestures
 The way a person carries themselves or moves
communicates information or perceptions of people
 Posture can create a feeling of openness or rejection
3. What feedback does nonverbal
communication give to the sender?
 Cues as to your emotions
 Send clearer messages
 Truer expression of feelings than verbal
4. Feedback
 Positive:
 Good eye contact
 Good posture
 Nodding of
encouragement
 Negative (Barriers):
 Folded arms, legs crossed
 Tapping
 Shaking head
 Staring at people OR
avoiding eye contact
 Fidgeting
 Distracted
 Rolling/flashing eyes
 Gestures made with
frustration/irritation
 Slouching, hunching over
It’s Nonverbal Communication Day!
 Grab the direction sheet on my desk.
 You will also need a blank sheet of paper.
 Read the directions and get started.
 There should be no verbal communication. If you
choose to use verbal communication, you will lose
points on this assignment.
Before you leave..
 Turn in your sheet of paper with all your observations
work from today.
 Place the Nonverbal Communication Day packet
back on my desk
 Don’t forget food for the party tomorrow for bonus
points!!
 TEST ON COMMUNICATION Thursday April 6th!!
Focus Question:
Why is it essential for us to be
able to communicate?
Levels of Communication
Small Talk
Level 1: Small Talk
• No sharing of yourself or personal
feelings
• Ex: weather
• Used when you meet new people.
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk
Level 2: Tell facts about yourself
and others
•
•
•
Examples of facts: background, interests, skills.
No personal feelings
Report only facts
Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk
Level 3: Expressing ideas
•
•
•
If you feel comfortable with people, you will express
some of your ideas
You are watching for rejection or acceptance
If your ideas are accepted, then you will go into level
4
Share Feelings
Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk
Level 4: Sharing feelings
 You are able to share some thoughts and feelings, but
still on guard
Be
Completely
Honest
Share Feelings
Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk
Level 5: Being completely
honest
•
•
•
•
Also known as peak communication
Share all feelings and ideas
Others will accept and respect these ideas and
feelings without question
Complete openness and honesty
Improving communication
 Read Virginia Satir and Communication handout
Patterns of communication
 PLACATING
 Always agreeing
 Always pleasing others
 Called “yes-men”
Patterns of communication
 BLAMING
 Blames others
 Tries to control others
 Person is loud, tyrannical, puts everyone down
Patterns of communication
 COMPUTING
 People who hide feelings
 Uses big words and stays away from emotional
upsets
 Never gets close to people
Patterns of communication
 DISTRACTING
 Whatever he says or does, does not relate to what
anyone else is saying or doing
 Ignores questions
 Changes subject
 Acts as if surroundings are meaningless
Focus Question:
Why is it essential for us to be
able to communicate?