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Reproduction
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Semen leaves the male body through which organ?
a. the penis
c. the urethra
b. the vas deferens
d. the bladder
____
2. A female’s eggs are produced in which organ?
a. the uterus
c. the ovary
b. the vagina
d. the fallopian tube
____
3. Where, in mammals, does the zygote develop?
a. in the vagina
c. in the urethra
b. in the uterus
d. in the fallopian tube
____
4. Which one of the following is the canal through which a fetus passes when it is born?
a. the uterus
c. the fallopian tube
b. the ovary
d. the vagina
____
5. What is an STD?
a. a disease only of the vagina
b. a cause of AIDS
c. a disease transmitted by sex
d. a type of herpes
____
6. Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted disease?
a. syphilis
c. lung cancer
b. AIDS
d. hepatitis B
____
7. Which one of the following is a major cause of infertility?
a. too many sperm
c. menstruation
b. multiple birth
d. too few healthy sperm
____
8. What percentage of married couples in the United States have difficulty producing offspring?
a. about 35%
c. about 50%
b. about 15%
d. about 75%
____
9. When a fertilized egg divides and forms a ball of cells, it is known as
a. a nucleus.
c. a blastula.
b. an implant.
d. a fetus.
____ 10. The developing embryo receives nutrients from its mother’s blood through an organ called the
a. placenta.
c. vagina.
b. amnion.
d. uterus.
____ 11. The developing embryo is connected to the placenta by
a. the spinal cord.
c. the umbilical cord.
b. the amniotic fluid.
d. the developing nerves.
____ 12. After week 9 or 10 of pregnancy, the developing human acquires features and is then referred to as
a. a zygote.
c. a newborn.
b. a fetus.
d. an embryo.
____ 13. A mother goes into labor, and a human is ready to be born, approximately how many weeks after
fertilization?
a. 17 to 24
c. 40 to 42
b. 24 to 36
d. 44 to 48
____ 14. During puberty, an adolescent’s body goes through what change?
a. Permanent teeth appear.
c. There is loss of flexibility.
b. The reproductive system matures.
d. There is greater muscle coordination.
____ 15. The male hormone, testosterone, is produced in the
a. bladder.
c. testes.
b. urethra.
d. penis.
____ 16. Semen leaves the body through the penis via the
a. urethra.
c. bladder.
b. epididymis.
d. testis.
____ 17. One sexually transmitted disease that a person can get during sex with an infected person is
a. cancer.
c. influenza.
b. liver disease.
d. herpes.
____ 18. A man who does not produce enough healthy sperm usually
a. has hepatitis.
c. has a bladder infection.
b. is infertile.
d. is an identical twin.
____ 19. A female’s egg is fertilized when it is in the
a. fallopian tube.
b. bladder.
c. ovary.
d. urethra.
____ 20. Implantation takes place when the embryo embeds itself in the wall of the
a. vagina.
c. fallopian tube.
b. ovary.
d. uterus.
____ 21. In a multiple birth, if the two offspring look exactly alike and share the same genes they are called
a. fraternal twins.
c. multiples.
b. identical twins.
d. triplets.
____ 22. A multiple birth that produces four babies is called
a. triplets.
c. twins.
b. quadruplets.
d. sextuplets.
____ 23. Two of the most common reproductive system cancers among women are cancer of the cervix and
a. breast cancer.
c. cancer of the uterus.
b. cancer of the ovary.
d. fallopian cancer.
____ 24. Ovulation occurs on about the 14th day of the
a. ovarian cycle.
c. formation of the placenta.
b. menstrual cycle.
d. sperm fertilization.
____ 25. Which male organ produces sperm?
a. the penis
b. the urethra
c. the ovary
d. the testis
____ 26. When cells grow in an uncontrolled way, what may develop?
a. an embryo
c. a zygote
b. a cancer
d. hepatitis
____ 27. What allows for variation among a species that reproduces sexually?
a. a single parent
c. the combination of genes
b. internal fertilization
d. fragmentation
____ 28. What mammals lay eggs and feed their young on milk from the mother’s pores?
a. asexual
c. marsupials
b. monotremes
d. placental mammals
____ 29. In which mammals do young complete their development inside the mother’s pouch?
a. zebras
c. monotremes
b. marsupials
d. hydras
____ 30. What is one advantage of asexual reproduction?
a. many offspring in a short amount of time c. fewer offspring in a long period of time
b. great genetic variation
d. less genetic variation
____ 31. What takes place when pollen is transferred from a male reproductive structure to a female structure?
a. pollination
c. vegetation
b. sprouting
d. fertilization
____ 32. After fertilization takes place in a flower, the ovule becomes a
a. vegetable.
c. fruit.
b. seed.
d. leaf.
____ 33. After fertilization takes place in a flower, the ovary becomes a
a. vegetable.
c. fruit.
b. seed.
d. leaf.
____ 34. Producing many spores is an advantage to a(n)
a. seed plant.
c. angiosperm.
b. gymnosperm.
d. nonvascular plant.
____ 35. What kind of behavior is being demonstrated when a killer whale teaches its baby to hunt?
a. seasonal cycle
c. courtship
b. estivation
d. parenting
____ 36. Reproducing during a particular season is an adaptation that
a. makes migrating unnecessary.
b. takes advantage of the animal’s circadian rhythms.
c. takes advantage of environmental conditions that help young survive.
d. helps an animal hibernate.
____ 37. What are the natural cycles that control an animal’s hibernation, migration, and reproduction schedule?
a. seasonal cycles
c. defensive action
b. circadian rhythms
d. learned behavior
____ 38. What is a period of reduced activity during hot weather called?
a. courtship
c. hibernation
b. migration
d. estivation
____ 39. When individuals with different inherited characteristics in a population reproduce, what is the result?
a. a genetic bottleneck
c. inbreeding
b. evolution
d. genetic variation
____ 40. Which kind of behavior do animals use to protect themselves and their territories, food, mates, and offspring?
a. seasonal
c. defensive
b. courtship
d. learned
____ 41. Variation in genes within a population that reproduces sexually allows that population
a. to produce identical offspring over time.
b. to adapt to environmental changes over time.
c. to ignore environmental changes over time.
d. to reduce resistance to disease over time.
____ 42. What are two advantages of asexual reproduction in animals?
a. great genetic variation and use of energy to find a mate
b. many offspring in a short time and no use of energy to find a mate
c. few offspring and little genetic variation
d. many offspring in a short time and great genetic variation
____ 43. What kind of adaptation for survival is camouflage?
a. an adaptation for natural selection
c. an adaptation for migrating
b. an adaptation for interactions
d. a predator-prey adaptation
____ 44. Insecticide resistance allows an insect to
a. grow much larger than other insects.
b. produce more eggs than other insects.
c. survive and reproduce.
d. struggle and die.
____ 45. Which is NOT an example of how animals might deal with a seasonal food shortage?
a. migration
c. reproduction
b. estivation
d. hibernation
____ 46. What is the advantage of asexual reproduction in plants?
a. Plants must depend on seeds to reproduce.
b. Plants must depend on plants to reproduce.
c. Plants do not depend on their parts to reproduce.
d. Plants do not depend on other plants to reproduce.
____ 47. Which of the following is NOT an example of innate behavior?
a. a puppy’s tendency to chew
c. a newborn whale’s ability to swim
b. a bee’s ability to fly
d. a human’s ability to tie shoes
____ 48. Which of the following describes an individual produced by sexual reproduction?
a. genetically identical to other offspring from the same parents
b. not genetically identical to either parent
c. unable to produce offspring
d. genetically identical to one parent, but not the other
____ 49. What does the combination of genes during sexual reproduction allow for?
a. less adaptation within a population
c. variation within a population
b. many identical offspring
d. many identical genes
____ 50. Which of these is NOT an adaptation for getting food?
a. the sea turtle’s laying eggs on land
c. the chameleon’s long, quick tongue
b. the whale’s ability to dive deep
d. the shape of a human’s hand
____ 51. A koala bear climbing a tree to get eucalyptus leaves to is an example of what?
a. marking territory
c. parenting behavior
b. food-finding behavior
d. courtship behavior
____ 52. What may happen if a population loses genetic variation?
a. The population gets stronger.
b. The population has many different genes.
c. Individuals may migrate.
d. The population may lose characteristics.
____ 53. Which of these is an example of defensive behavior?
a. a chimpanzee digging with a tool
b. a whale teaching its young to hunt
c. a rabbit outrunning a fox
d. a male fish building a nest to find a mate
____ 54. Organisms reproduce either sexually or asexually. Which of the following statements about the genetic
material from an offspring of an organism that reproduces sexually is true?
a. It is a copy of genetic material from one parent.
b. It is a copy of genetic material from both parents.
c. It is a combination of genetic material from each parent plus new material.
d. It is a combination of genetic material from each parent.
____ 55. Gymnosperms are trees and shrubs that have reproductive structures called cones. They have two kinds: male
cones and female cones. Which of the following is a characteristic of reproduction in gymnosperms?
a. Male and female cones develop within flowers.
b. Cones reproduce asexually.
c. Sperm from the male cone swim to the female cone.
d. Wind transfers pollen from the male cone to the female cone.
____ 56. In cold climates, many animals go through a period of inactivity and lowered body temperature called
hibernation. How does hibernation help animals survive?
a. It helps animals find food.
c. It helps animals save energy.
b. It helps animals avoid hot weather.
d. It helps animals keep track of time.
____ 57. Alligators with narrow snouts are able to catch fish. Alligators with wide snouts are able to catch larger prey.
A population of alligators lives in an area with a decreasing population of large prey. What can you predict
about the size of the population of narrow-snouted alligators in future generations?
a. The size will stay the same.
c. The size will decrease.
b. The size will increase.
d. The size cannot be predicted.
Completion
Complete each statement.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
embryo
sperm
ovary
egg
placenta
fallopian tube
uterus
fetus
menstruation
58. At the earliest stages of development, during week 3 and before week 9 or 10 of the pregnancy, the offspring
is called a(n) ____________________.
59. The male’s testes produce ____________________, the sex cells that carry his genes.
60. A ____________________, leads from each ovary to the uterus.
61. In mammals, the offspring develops after the embryo is implanted in the ____________________, whose
walls become thick and rich in nutrients.
62. The developing offspring obtains nutrients via the ____________________, which is an organ that allows the
exchange of materials between the mother and the offspring.
63. The developing offspring is called a(n) ____________________ after week 9 or 10 of pregnancy.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
infant
childhood
adolescence
young adulthood
64. During ____________________, a person’s reproductive system matures.
65. A child is called a(n) ____________________ until it is 2 years old.
66. When people are in ____________________, they are at the peak of their physical development.
67. During ____________________, you grow a set of permanent teeth.