Download Honors DNA Protein Synthesis Study Guide

UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE – Genetics Basics
Date: _____________________ Block: ______________
GENETIC MATERIAL
1.
SIMILARITIES & DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
DNA & RNA
Complete the table below by using check marks to indicate to
which molecule each characteristic applies
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Ribonucleic acid
Ribose sugar present
Deoxyribose sugar present
Phosphate group present
Adenine nucleotide present
Thymine nucleotide present
Uracil nucleotide present
Guanine nucleotide present
Cytosine nucleotide present
Formed from nucleotides
Double stranded
Single stranded
Remains in the nucleus
Moves out of the nucleus
Contains a chemical message
code types
Containsormultiple
RNA
2. Name the three (3) main types of RNA and describe their
function:
Type of
RNA
Function
3. Using the information above; complete the VenDiagram below comparing and contrasting DNA & RNA.
On your test you will be asked to either complete a VenDiagram or write an essay comparing and
contrasting them.
4. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
a.
________________________________ (color brown below)
b.
________________________________ (color purple below)
c.
________________________________ (color green below)
According to the above list… color-code each of the three parts on the nucleotide picture below
(see above for colors).
5. Label and color code (you pick the colors) each specific nucleotide below:
DNA REPLICATION
1. What is the PURPOSE of DNA Replication?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________
2. When does DNA Replication occur?
______________________________________________________________________________
___________
3. Fill in the table below with the enzymes we discussed that are involved in DNA Replication (in
order) and their functions:
Step
Enzyme
Function(s)
#
1
2
1. Using the table below; describe the two steps of Protein synthesis… answering the questions as
you go…
Step #
Description of Process
Location of
Process
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
1. If you were given the following DNA strands; complete the protein synthesis of each…
a. Strand #1
DNA strand: ATGGAGTGCAGTCGAGGGCTGGGCTAG
_________:_____________________________________
_________: _____________________________________
b. Strand #2
DNA strand: ATGCCCGGTTTAGCTATGGTAAA
_________: _____________________________________
_________: _____________________________________
2. When comparing different organisms, you can see that they all have the same bases in DNA (A, T,
G, and C)… what accounts for the differences between the organisms?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________