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Name Tyler Parker
Chapter 3 Review
Physical Science 09
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Air friction- the opposing force created by objects moving through the air
Inertia- the reluctance of a body to change its state of motion.
Newton- a unit of force.
Rolling friction- friction created when one object rolls over another.
Equilibrium- when forces on an object are balanced.
Law of conservation of momentum-states that as long as interacting objects are not
influenced by outside forces (like friction), their momentum before the interaction
will equal their momentum after the interaction.
Newton’s first law of motion-states any object at rest will remain at rest unless acted
on by an unbalanced force; an object in motion continues with constant speed and
direction in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Sliding friction-resistance created when two surfaces rub against one another
Force- a push, a pull, or any action that has the ability to change motion.
Mass- a measure of the inertia of an object; the amount of matter an object has.
Newton’s second law of motion- states that the acceleration of an object is directly
proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Viscous friction- resistance created by objects moving in water or other fluids.
Friction- the force that results from relative motion between objects (like the wheel
and axle of a car).
Momentum- the mass of an object multiplied by its speed or velocity.
Newton’s third law of motion- states that whenever one object exerts a force on
another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
Weight- a force created by gravity.
Gravity- the attractive force that exists between any two objects that have mass.
net force- the amount of force that overcomes an opposing force to cause motion;
the net force can be zero if the opposing forces are equal.
Pounds- English system unit of force.
Define the term FORCE.
A force is a push or a pull that may cause a change in
motion.
Force can be measured in pounds in the English system
Force can be measured in Newton’s in the metric system
There are 4.48 Newton’s in every single pound
Give 5 examples of forces.
Weight is a downward force.
Normal force is an upward force.
Magnetism
State Newton’s First Law.
An object as rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an
unbalanced force. An object in motion will to continue with
a constant speed and direction unless acted on by an
unbalanced force. Law of inertia
Which object has more inertia, a 1-kilogram ball or a 100kilogram ball?
100-kilogram ball
State Newton’s Second Law.
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to
the force, and indirectly proportional to the mass.
Acceleration= force/mass
F=m*A
What exactly is the definition of one Newton?
One newton is 1 kg multiplied by 1m/s/s.
A newton is the metric measurement of force and 1 newton of
force will cause a lkg object to accelerate at a m/s/s.
1 n = 1 kg x 1 m/s/s
N= kg * m/s/s
A= Vf-a/ t
Vf= a*t
What units are used to measure mass?
Grams and kilograms are used to measure mass.
One can convert from kg to pounds using the ration of: 2.2
pounds = 1 kg
On the surface of the Earth, what is the force that gravity
exerts on a one kilogram mass? F= m* a= 1kg * 9.81 m/s/s=
9.81 kg* m/s/s = 9.81 N
2.2 pounds
What is the difference between the mass of an object and the
weight of an object?
Weight is described in pounds or newtons and mass is the
force acting on the weight
On page 55 the universal law of gravitation is described.
What are the two main factors in determining the force of
gravity between two objects?
Mass and gravity
K
H
D
BU
D
C
M
Name the unit for measuring:
FORCE
MASS
Newton’s
kilograms
Kg*m/s/s
WEIGHT
newtons
Kg*m/s/s
State Newton’s Third Law.
States that whenever one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts
an equal and opposite force on the first.
What two factors does the momentum of an object depend upon?
Speed and mass
P= momentum
M= mass
V= velocity
P= m + v
What is the force acting on a box that has a mass of 10
kilograms and is pushed so that it accelerates at 0.2 m/s/s?
An object has a mass of 4.4 kilograms.
What is its weight in Newton’s?
F=?? M= 4.4 kg a = 9.81 newtons
F= m*a 43.16 newtons
What is its weight in pounds?
4.4. Kg * 2.2 lbs/Kg = 9.86 1bs
43.16 N / 4.48 n/lb = 9.63 lbs
You drop an object out of a window. What is its speed after
1 second? Vf = ???/ Vi = 0 m/s T = 1s A = 9.81 m/s/s
A = (Vf-Vi)/t Vf = *T = 9.81 M/S/S * 1 S= PI81 M/S
9.81 m/s
What is its speed after 2 seconds?
19.62 m/s
What is its speed after 3 seconds?
29.43 m/s
What is the momentum of a 0.5-kilogram object traveling at a
speed of 4 m/s? P= ??? m= 5kg v= 4 m/s
P= m * v = .5Kg * 4 m/s = 2 Kg * m/s
What is the weight of a human in Newton’s that has a weight
of 100 pounds?
448 newtons
150 pounds?
672 newtons
200 pounds?
896 newtons
What is the momentum of a person who is running 10 m/s and
has a weight of 175 pounds?
P= ?? v= 10m/s = 79.55 Kg
P= m * 7 _ 79.55 * 1pm.w = 795 kilogram m/s