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Chapter 3 Review
Physical Science 07
Name ___Humberto Flores-Dominguez________
DO chapter 3 vocabulary!!!
Read all of Chapter 3!!!
air friction: the opposing force created by objects moving through air.
inertia: the reluctance of a body to change its state of motion.
Newton: a unit of force; the abbreviation is N.
rolling friction: resistance created when one object rolls over another one.
equilibrium: (1) in physics, occurs when the forces on an object are balanced; (2) in
chemistry, the state in which the solute in a solution is dissolving and coming out of
solution at the same rate.
law of conservation of momentum: The law of conservation of momentum says that
as long as interacting objects are not influenced by outside forces (like friction), the
total amount of momentum cannot change.
Newton’s first law of motion: states any object at rest will remain at rest unless
acted on by an unbalanced force; an object in motion continues with constant speed
and direction in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
sliding friction: resistance created when two surfaces rub against one another.
force: push or a pull
mass: a measure of the inertia of an object; the amount of matter an object has.
Newton’s second law of motion: states that the acceleration of an object is directly
proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Viscous friction: resistance created by objects moving in water or other fluids.
friction: the force that results from relative motion between objects
momentum: the mass of an object multiplied by its speed or velocity.
Newton’s third law of motion: states that whenever one object exerts a force on
another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first
weight: a force created by gravity.
gravity: the attractive force that exists between any two objects that have mass
net force: the amount of force that overcomes an opposing force to cause motion
pounds: English system unit of force.
Define the term FORCE.
Force: push or a pull, or any action that has the ability to
change motion.
Give 5 examples of forces.
Weight is a downward force.
Normal Force is a upward force.
Friction is a force that opposes motion
Magnetic Force
State Newton’s First Law. An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted
on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion will continue with constant speed
and direction, unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Which object has more inertia, a 1 kilogram ball or a 100
kilogram ball?
100 kilogram ball because it has a larger mass
State Newton’s Second Law.
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to
the force
What exactly is the definition of one Newton?
Is a unit of force
1 Newton is 1 kilogram multiplied by 1 m/s/s.
A Newton is the metric measurement of force and 1 Newton of
force will cause a 1kg object to accelerate 1m/s/s
On the surface of the Earth, what is the force that gravity
exerts on a one kilogram mass?M=1 kg G=9.81 m/s/s
F=m + a= 1kg + 9.81 m/s/s=9.81 KG + m/s/s
=9.81N
What is the difference between the mass of an object and
the weight of an object?
Mass never changes and weight changes
On page 55 the universal law of gravitation is described.
What are the two main factors in determining the force of
gravity between two objects?
The distances between the 2 points and the 2 masses
The two main factors is determining the force of gravity
between two objects are the 1) mass of the objects 2) the
distance between them
Name the unit for measuring:
FORCE
MASS
WEIGHT
MASS=KILOGRAMS
FORCE=Newtons
WEIGHT=Newtons or pounds
State Newton’s Third Law.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
What two factors does the momentum of an object depend upon?
F=Momentum (kg*m/s)
M=Mass (KG)
V=Velocity (m/s)
P=M x V
What is the force acting on a box that has a mass of 10
kilograms and is pushed so that it accelerates at 0.2 m/s/s?
F=?????
mass=10
acceleration=.2 m/s/s
F=m*s=10 kg =0.2m/s/s=2kg*m/s/s
An object has a mass of 4.4 kilograms.
What is its weight in Newtons?
43.1508 Newtons
What is its weight in pounds?
9.631875 lbs.
You drop an object out of a window.
1 second?
9.81 m/s/s
What is its speed after 2 seconds?
19.62 m/s/s
What is its speed after 3 seconds?
29.43 m/s/s
What is its speed after
What is the momentum of a 0.5 kilogram object traveling at a
speed of 4 m/s?
0.5k x 4 m/s=2 kg*m/sec
What is the weight of a human in Newtons that has a weight
of 100 pounds?
150 pounds?
200 pounds?
100 pounds=448 newtons
150 pounds= 672 newtons
200 pounds= 896 newtons
What is the momentum of a person who is running 10 m/s and
has a weight of 175 pounds?
P=?????
V=10 m/s
M=79.55 Kg
795.5 Kg*m/s