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Babylonia Main Ideas: ∙The Rise of Hammurabi and Babylonia ∙Babylonian Civilization The Rise of Hammurabi and Babylonia ~In 1792 B.C. Hammurabi became king of Babylon -located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. ~Hammurabi was a clever leader who controlled all of Mesopotamia, as well as many other citystates. ~His empire was known as Babylonia. ~Hammurabi collected taxes to pay for his large army and construction projects. ~Hammurabi sent officials throughout his empire to carry out orders and to collect taxes. ~ One of Hammurabi’s main goals was to gain control of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. ~ This would give him control of all irrigation systems and the farming economy. ~ Hammurabi was a brilliant warrior and his military tactics could be extremely brutal. (Ex: flooding cities) Babylonian Civilization ~ Babylonia had a strict class system. ~ Babylon, the capitol city of the Babylonian empire, became a center of culture and learning. -Many advancements were made in mathematics, literature, and law. Code of Hammurabi ~ A set of 282 laws ~ Many of the laws dealt with business practices ~ Others related to property ownership, medical practice, marriage, and childcare ~ First complete code of law written in Mesopotamia to have survived ~ This code gives us a good idea of the structure of the Babylonian society and the concerns of the Babylonians Code of Hammurabi ~ “…to render [give] good to the people, to make justice shine in the land, to destroy the evil and wicked, that the strong do not oppress [mistreat] the weak” ~ Hammurabi’s Code called for different punishments based on the class of the lawbreaker and the victim of the crime ~ Punishments always fit the crime - “eye for an eye” - “tooth for a tooth” This stone slab contains the Code of Hammurabi. Above the Code, Hammurabi is shown standing before the god who is handing him the law. Time to Review ~ Why did Hammurabi need tax money, and how did he collect it? How is this different from today’s society? ~ What was the purpose of the Code of Hammurabi? ~ Identify at least three positive effects Hammurabi had on the Mesopotamian civilization. ~What was the capitol city of Hammurabi’s empire? What was this city responsible for?