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Age of Exploration Study Guide
Key terms
Marco Polo
Ptolemy
Zheng He
Ibn Battuta
Prince Henry the Navigator
Bartholomeu Dias
Vasco da Gama
Christopher Columbus
Tainos
Columbian Exchange
Treaty of Tordesillas
Ferdinand Magellan
Amerigo Vespucci
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Hernan Cortez
Montezuma
Incan Empire
Aztec Empire
Atahualpa
Giovanni Caboto
Francis Drake
John Hawkins
Martin Frobisher
Jacques Cartier
Review questions
1. Who was the admiral of the largest fleet in the 15th century?
2. Why did Europeans begin to make many voyages of exploration?
3. Which was the first European nation to establish trading posts in Africa, South
America, India and South East Asia?
4. Who was the first Portuguese sailor to round the tip of Africa?
5. Who was the first Portuguese sailor to sail east to India?
6. What new tools helped advance navigation and exploration?
7. Why did Columbus sail westward across the Atlantic Ocean?
8. Where did Columbus think he was when he landed in the Caribbean?
9. How were the first people that Columbus met in the Caribbean?
10. On which island did Columbus establish his first colony?
11. How many people were living in the Caribbean in 1492?
12. How many were left in 1514, and why did so many people die?
13. What was the “Columbian Exchange”?
14. Which new foods were introduced to Europe?
15. Which countries did the Spanish conquer?
16. What was the Treaty of Tordesillas and which countries did it divide the world
between?
17. Who was the first explorer to lead an expedition around the world?
18. Who were the continents of North and South America named after?
19. What were the two purposes of the Spanish conquistadors in exploring the
Americas?
20. What were the Spanish adventurers searching for?
21. Why did Montezuma welcome Hernan Cortez into Tenochtitlan?
22. How did Hernan Cortez conquer the Aztec Empire?
23. What was the effect of the Spanish conquest of the peoples of the Americas?
24. What was the effect of the conquest on Spain?
25. Who were the Sea Dogs and why were they knighted?