Download DNA CODES…

DNA CODES…
Make sure that the mRNA actor does not see the code.
1. TAC GGG GGC TCT TTG TTC AAA ATC
2. TAC CAC CCA TCT CAG ATC
3. TAC AAA GGC TGA TTA ATC
4. TAC TAA GTT GTG TAG GTC GGT GTA ATC
5. TAC GGG GGC CGT CGG CGC ATC
6. TAC CGA GGC TCT CCT CCG TCT CCC ATC
7. TAC ATT TCC CTT ATG ATA AGT ATC
8. TAC GGG GGC CTT ACT ACG ATC
9. TAC AAT GGC TCT AAG TTC AAA ATC
10. TAC GGG GGC TCT TCG GGA ATC
Protein Sentences – Codon Chart
AAA your
ACA stop
AGA the
AUA rock
AAC study
ACC have
AGC best
AUC band
AAG of
ACG funny
AGG are
AUG START
AAU fair
ACU not
AGU Beatles
AUU an
CCC Biology
CAC rubber
CGC water
CUC love
CCA when
CAA old
CGA drink
CUA I
CCG is
CAG breaks
CGG every
CUG roll
CCU subject
CAU pulled
CGU day
CUU music
GGG future
GAG genetic
GCG fun
GUG roll
GGA door
GCA so
GUA a
GAA all
GGC to
GAC learning
GUC punches
GCC much
GGU with
GAU and
GCU education
GUU never
UUU life
UCU informed
UGU little
UAU this
UUA DNA
UCA together
UGA around
UAA we
UUC code
UCC must
UGC you
UAC in
UUG for
UCG be
UGG read
UAG STOP
Ribosome Instructions
Codons are listed similar to the wheel we saw in your textbook.
Although there are only 20 amino acids, there are more than twenty
words listed. There is one start codon and only one stop codon (3 in real
life). The codes on your card represent the codons found on the mRNA
molecule. The words represent amino acids. Each sentence that you will
form below represents a protein, each with a start and a stop.
1. ________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________
7. ________________________________________________
8. ________________________________________________
9. ________________________________________________
10. ________________________________________________
Protein Syntences Activity:
DNA is made of trillions of base codes. Out of the 46 strands of DNA that a normal person
has, only 1% of it actually codes for proteins. Scientists are still trying to determine what the
rest of the DNA is used for. A section of DNA that codes for a protein is called a gene. DNA
is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
Genes need to be TRANSCRIBED into an mRNA molecule. DNA will unwind and unzip to
reveal the codes. The mRNA molecule is produced as a complementary strand to the DNA
code and will travel out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore to a ribosome via the rough
ER.
The ribosome is the site where the code from the DNA is brought by the mRNA and is
TRANSLATED one codon at a time by tRNA molecules that each carries a particular amino
acid. The tRNA has a portion called an anticodon that matches up to the codon found on the
mRNA molecule. The codon and the anticodon are groups of three nitrogen bases. As the
tRNA molecules line up along the mRNA molecule, the amino acids that each carries will
bond to each other by a peptide bond. The amino acids will separate from the tRNA molecule
leaving the tRNA to grab another amino acid. The growing chain of amino acids is called a
peptide and hopefully will eventually form a protein.
Analysis Questions:
1. Which part that you played had the most difficult job? Why?
2. Why can’t the DNA molecules just come out of the nucleus to be read instead of going
through all of these steps?
3. How do the sentences that you made relate to how an actual protein is made?
4. How can your DNA code for thousands of proteins using only 20 different amino acids?