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I. Introduction
A. The scope of optometric practice is now including injections
B. This technique best learned by hands-on practice
C. Injections are currently an optional pilot station on Part III of the National Board of
Examiners in Optometry
II. Creating and maintaining a sterile environment
A. Washing and drying hands; Donning protective gloves
B. Prepare aseptic field with paper drape
C. Ensure presence of sharps container and medical waste bin
III. Patient interaction
A. Greeting the patient
B. Obtain appropriate history including allergies to medications, dyes, latex, etc
C. Explain purpose of procedure to patient
IV. Drawing medication for intramuscular and intravenous injection
A. Verify appropriate medication and expiration date
B. Sterilize medication stopper
C. Proper technique for syringe/needle attachment
D. Suitable method to draw medication from vial to syringe / needle
E. Eject excess air from syringe
F. Recap needle with one-handed scoop technique
V. Intramuscular injection on artificial arm
A. Palpate suitable injection site
B. Clean the injection site
C. Insert needle properly
1. Aspirate to be sure the needle is not in a blood vessel
2. Inject medication smoothly at moderate speed
D. Withdraw needle and discard in sharps container
E. Appropriate method to remove gloves
F. Recording results correctly
VI. Intravenous injection on artificial arm
A. Properly attach winged infusion to syringe containing medication
B. Apply tourniquet appropriately
C. Examine and clean injection site
D. Proper needle positioning
1. Pull back syringe to check blood return
2. Remove tourniquet
3. Inject small amount of medication and check for extravasation
3. Inject medication at a smooth rate
E. Withdraw needle and infusion set
F. Simultaneously apply pressure on injection site with cotton pad
G. Discard needle and winged infusion set with attached syringe in sharps container
H. Recording results correctly
VII. Review of procedures
A. Aseptic field
B. Appropriate patient interaction
C. How to draw medication for injections
D. Patient preparation
E. Correct techniques for injections
F. Ensuring procedure will be non-complicated