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Biol 221 Worksheet
Urinary System
I. Functions
Removal of wastes from the blood is the primary function of the
urinary system. List three secondary functions of the urinary system:
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
Name two other organ systems that also function in waste removal:
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
II. Urinary System Organs
Complete the following table:
Name of Organ
Paired or Single?
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Basic Function
Match the functions/characteristics to the correct urinary tract
organ. Each urinary tract organ may have more than one correct
answer.
________________kidneys
________________ureters
________________urinary bladder
________________urethra
a. retroperitoneal
b. subperitoneal
c. no relationship to
peritoneum
d. solid organ with outer
cortex & inner medulla
e. hollow organ
f. conducts urine away from
kidneys
g. stores urine
h. conducts urine out of body
i. length varies by gender
j. location of rugae & trigone
k. outflow regulated by
internal urethral sphincter
l. outflow regulated by
external urethral sphincter
III. Nephrons & Urine Formation
Nephrons are mostly located in the renal __________________
(cortex/medulla). Structurally, nephrons can be divided into two
groups of structures, the renal corpuscle, and renal tubules. List the
parts of a nephron found in each of these two subdivisions:
Renal Corpuscle:
Renal Tubules:
____________________________
________________________________
____________________________
________________________________
________________________________
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Complete the following table for the three processes of urine formation:
Name of
Process
Part of
Nephron
where most
of process
occurs
Which
Molecules
are moving?
Into blood
or out of
blood?
Name of
fluid
produced
after the
process
IV. Urine Pathway
List the seven (7) structures through which urine moves after it leaves
nephrons:
1. ________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________
7. ________________________________________________
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V. Urine Composition
By volume, urine is mostly ______________________. On average, urine tends
to be ________________________ (acidic/alkaline/neutral in pH).
List three nitrogen-containing wastes commonly found in urine:
1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
VI. Regulation of Fluid Volume
If blood pressure is too_____________ (low/high), filtration stops, and
wastes build up in the blood.
When blood volume and blood pressure drop, the hormone
______________________________________ makes collecting ducts ___________
(more/less) permeable to water. This causes water to move out of the
________________(blood/urine) into the ____________________(blood/urine).
As a result, blood volume and blood pressure __________________________
(increase/decrease).
What other substances help increase blood pressure?
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