Download Name: Period:_____ Date

Page 5
33. The sudden release of stored up energy that occurs when two plates or blocks of the earth’s crust suddenly slip
and slide past each other along a crack in the earth’s crust is called a(n) ________________________________.
P. 91, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
34. The field of geology which is involved with the study of earthquakes is called ____________________.
Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
35. About ______ million earthquakes occur each year throughout the world and about ______ to ______ occur
which are considered to be major earthquakes causing significant damage and destruction.
Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
36. The fracture or crack in the earth’s crust along which two plates or blocks of the earth’s crust suddenly break
and slide past each other releasing enormous amounts of stored up energy as an earthquake is called a(n)
_________________________. P. 91, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
37. The three major types of fault lines along which two plates or blocks of the earth’s crust suddenly break and
slide past each other releasing enormous amounts of stored up energy to produce an earthquake are:
P.P. 104 – 105, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
A. ______________________ fault
B. ______________________ fault
C. ____________________ fault
38. The plate or block of rock which sits above or over the fault line is called the ______________________ wall
and the plate or block of rock which lies under or below the fault line is called the ______________________wall.
P. 104, Geology Intro Game
39. In an earthquake that occurs along a(n) ____________________________________ fault, the hanging wall
moves or slips downward along a divergent plate boundary while the foot wall moves or slips upward. (Example:
Rio Grande River Valley in New Mexico) P. 104, Geology Intro Game
40. In an earthquake that occurs along a(n) _______________________________________fault, the hanging wall
moves or slips upward along a subduction zone or a convergent plate boundary while the footwall moves or slips
downward. (Example: Rocky Mountains) P. 105, Geology Intro Game
41. A reverse fault is sometimes called a(n) _____________________________________ fault.
42. In an earthquake that occurs along a(n) ______________________________________fault the rocks on either
side of the fault line move or slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions along a(n) transform plate
boundary. (Example: San Andreas Fault Line) P. 105, Geology Intro Game
43. The three major classifications of earthquakes are ________________________________ earthquakes,
___________________________________ earthquakes and ________________________________ earthquakes.
Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
44. A(n) _____________________________ earthquake is a type of earthquake which is usually weak and occurs
during a volcanic eruption when molten rock (magma) beneath a volcano moves fracturing surrounding rock
layers. (Example: Mt. St. Helens) Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
Page 6
45. A(n) _____________________________earthquake is a type of earthquake that can be very powerful and
destructive and it usually occurs when rock layers in the earth’s lithosphere suddenly fracture and move along a
fault line releasing enormous amounts of stored up energy. (Example: San Andreas Fault)
Geology Intro
Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
46. A(n) ____________________________ earthquake is a type of earthquake that can be very powerful and
destructive and it usually occurs when rock layers in the earth’s lithosphere suddenly fracture and move along a
fault line that is not near a volcano or tectonic plate boundary. (Example: New Madrid Fault)
47. About 95% of the world’s strongest earthquakes occur along ______________________ tectonic plate
boundaries. Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
48. A(n) _________________________ belt is a region of the earth’s crust where earthquakes commonly occur.
Geology Intro Game, Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
49. The three major seismic belts where most of the world’s major earthquakes occur at are: Geology Intro Game,
Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
A. ______________________________ seismic belt
B. _______________________________seismic belt
C. _________________________________________ seismic belt
50. The point in the earth’s interior where an earthquake originates or starts is called the
__________________________________ of the earthquake. P. 112, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes:
Our Restless Planet
51. The point on the earth’s surface directly above the point in the earth’s interior where an earthquake originates
or starts is called the _____________________________ of the earthquake. P. 112, Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
52. The energy waves produced by an earthquake are called a(n) ___________________________ wave. P. 112113, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
53. The three types of seismic waves produced by an earthquake are: P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
A. ______________________ wave (____ wave)
B. ______________________ wave (____ wave)
C. ______________________ wave (____ wave)
54. A type of seismic wave produced by an earthquake which travels toward the interior of the earth at the fastest
rate of speed causing the earth’s crust to push or slide forward and then pull or slide backward is
called a(n) ______________________________seismic wave. P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
55. A type of seismic wave produced by an earthquake which travels at the second fastest rate of speed
toward the interior of the earth causing the earth’s crust to move or slide in a side to side or shearing motion is
called a(n) ______________________________ seismic wave. P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
Page 7
56. ________________________________________seismic waves are not capable of passing through a liquid.
P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
57. A type of seismic wave produced by an earthquake that travels at the slowest rate of speed along the surface of
the earth’s crust in an up and down motion similar to an ocean wave is called a(n) __________________________
or _________________________________ seismic wave. P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes:
Our Restless Planet
58. ____________________ and ____________________ seismic waves are classified as being body waves since
they travel into the interior of the earth toward the earth’s inner core. Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes:
Our Restless Planet
59. A(n) ________________________ seismic wave is classified as being a surface wave since it travels along the
surface of the earth. P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
60. ________________________ seismic waves are considered by most seismologists to be the most destructive
seismic waves. Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
61. A(n) __________________________ is an instrument that records and measures an earthquake’s seismic
waves and the amount of ground motion they cause. P. 114, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our
Restless Planet
62. The _______________________ Scale measures the size of the seismic waves produced by an earthquake and
the amount of ground motion they cause. P. 114, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet,
Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
63. The Richter Scale ranges in value from ___________ to ______________. P. 114-115, Geology Intro
Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet, Video: Earthquakes:
Our Raging Planet
64. The smallest value on the Richter scale which a human can detect if they were standing at the epicenter of the
earthquake is a(n)___________. Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
65. Any earthquake which has a value of _________ or greater on the Richter scale is considered to be a major
earthquake. P. 115, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our
Raging Planet
66. There has never been an earthquake of _____ on the Richter Scale. Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
67. Every time you go up by 1 on the Richter Scale the amount of ground motion or movement produced by an
earthquake increases ________ times. Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
68. An earthquake which has a value of 7 on the Richter Scale produces____________ times more ground motion
or movement than an earthquake that has a value of 6 and an earthquake which has a value of 8 Richter Scale
produces _________times more ground motion or movement than an earthquake that has a value of 6.
P. 115, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
Page 8
69. A measurement of the amount of energy released by an earthquake is called the earthquakes ______________.
P. 114, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
70. The_________________________________ Scale measures the amount of energy released by an earthquake.
P. 113-114, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
71. Every time you go up by 1 on the Moment Magnitude Scale the amount of energy released by an earthquake
increases about ________times. P. 115, Geology Intro Game
72. The ______________________________ Scale is used by seismologists to describe or measure the severity of
an earthquake based on the amount of damage and destruction that it causes. P. 114, Geology Intro Game, Video:
Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
73. The Modified Mercalli Scale ranges in value from the Roman numeral ____ to the Roman numeral ____
P. 113, Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
74. An earthquake with a value of _______ on the Modified Mercalli Scale would produce the least amount of
damage and destruction while an earthquake of _________would produce the greatest amount of damage and
destruction. P. 114
75. You can have two different earthquakes which both have a value of 6 on the Richter Scale but one of the
earthquakes could have a value on the Modified Mercalli Scale that is ____________________ than the other
earthquake. Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet
76. Some factors which affect the amount of damage and destruction caused by an earthquake are:
Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
Geology
A. The ___________________________ of the buildings in the area where the earthquake occurred.
B. The type of ____________________ and ____________________ that the seismic waves produced by an
earthquake travel through.
A. The ___________________________ of the focal point inside the earth.
B. How __________________________ you are to the epicenter of the earthquake.
77. An earthquake which occurs in the earth’s crust beneath the oceans is called a(n) ______________ earthquake
Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet
78. If the crust of the earth beneath the ocean is lifted upward by a thrust (reverse fault) earthquake it may produce
a giant sea wave called a(n) ___________________________ which may be as high as 30 – 40 meters (90 – 120
feet). Geology Intro Game, Video: Earthquakes: Our Restless Planet, Video: Earthquakes: Our Raging Planet