improvement of regional seismic hazard assessment considering
... Seismic hazard assessment is a required procedure to assist effective designing of structures located in seismically active regions. Traditionally, in a seismically active region as Greece, the seismic hazard evaluation was based primarily on the historical seismicity, and to lesser extent based on ...
... Seismic hazard assessment is a required procedure to assist effective designing of structures located in seismically active regions. Traditionally, in a seismically active region as Greece, the seismic hazard evaluation was based primarily on the historical seismicity, and to lesser extent based on ...
Probabilistic prediction of rupture length, slip and
... consideration of its ‘smoothness’. An EEW system for large earthquakes on smooth faults, such as the San Andreas Fault, could be implemented in two ways: the system could issue a warning, whenever slip on the fault exceeds a few metres, because the probability for a large earthquake is high and stro ...
... consideration of its ‘smoothness’. An EEW system for large earthquakes on smooth faults, such as the San Andreas Fault, could be implemented in two ways: the system could issue a warning, whenever slip on the fault exceeds a few metres, because the probability for a large earthquake is high and stro ...
Seismicity and active tectonics in the Alboran Sea, Western
... The Gibraltar Arc and Betic-Rif cordilleras constitute the westernmost end of the Mediterranean Alpine ranges at the boundary between the African and Eurasian plates. Slab rollback is now considered as the major process that during the last 25–30 Myr has been responsible for controlling the present ...
... The Gibraltar Arc and Betic-Rif cordilleras constitute the westernmost end of the Mediterranean Alpine ranges at the boundary between the African and Eurasian plates. Slab rollback is now considered as the major process that during the last 25–30 Myr has been responsible for controlling the present ...
Practice 3rd Exam Ge..
... c. are primarily based on the behavior patterns of farm animals d. are correct approximately 50% of the time ____ 56. Long-term prediction of earthquake behavior ____________. a. is based on past earthquake activity b. works on the principle that zones of past seismicity will be active in the future ...
... c. are primarily based on the behavior patterns of farm animals d. are correct approximately 50% of the time ____ 56. Long-term prediction of earthquake behavior ____________. a. is based on past earthquake activity b. works on the principle that zones of past seismicity will be active in the future ...
Historical tsunami in the Makran Subduction Zone off
... coasts of Iran and Pakistan. Based on their report, the presence of young marine terraces along the Makran coast may provide the best circumstantial evidence for previous great thrust earthquakes in this region. Furthermore, by calculating the average uplift rate along the Makran coast, Page et al. ...
... coasts of Iran and Pakistan. Based on their report, the presence of young marine terraces along the Makran coast may provide the best circumstantial evidence for previous great thrust earthquakes in this region. Furthermore, by calculating the average uplift rate along the Makran coast, Page et al. ...
determination of fault plane orientations from rupture directivity of
... Earthquakes occur at intermediate (> 70 km) and deep (> 300 km) depths within the Earth. Since their discovery, the cause of intermediate and deep-focus earthquakes has remained a fundamental problem in seismology. While several physical mechanisms have been theorized to explain the occurrence of de ...
... Earthquakes occur at intermediate (> 70 km) and deep (> 300 km) depths within the Earth. Since their discovery, the cause of intermediate and deep-focus earthquakes has remained a fundamental problem in seismology. While several physical mechanisms have been theorized to explain the occurrence of de ...
Tsunami - Library Junction
... In the 1950s, it was discovered that larger tsunamis than had previously been believed possible could be caused by giant landslides. Underwater landslides that generate tsunamis are called sciorrucks .These phenomena rapidly displace large water volumes, as energy from falling debris or expansion tr ...
... In the 1950s, it was discovered that larger tsunamis than had previously been believed possible could be caused by giant landslides. Underwater landslides that generate tsunamis are called sciorrucks .These phenomena rapidly displace large water volumes, as energy from falling debris or expansion tr ...
Radon as an Earthquake Precursor – Methods
... mechanism for earthquake precursory study, based on stress-corrosion theory, has been proposed by Anderson and Grew (1977). According to them, the observed radon anomalies are due to slow crack growth controlled by stress corrosion in a rock matrix saturated by ground waters. King (1978) has propose ...
... mechanism for earthquake precursory study, based on stress-corrosion theory, has been proposed by Anderson and Grew (1977). According to them, the observed radon anomalies are due to slow crack growth controlled by stress corrosion in a rock matrix saturated by ground waters. King (1978) has propose ...
Seismicity and earthquake hazard analysis of the Teton
... were installed in 1990 to improve monitoring coverage. More than 8000 earthquakes, ML 0.1 to 4.7 were recorded by the JLSN during the reporting period. The largest event reported in the period was a ML 4.7 earthquake that occurred on December 28, 1993 in the Gros Ventre Range, east of the Jackson Ho ...
... were installed in 1990 to improve monitoring coverage. More than 8000 earthquakes, ML 0.1 to 4.7 were recorded by the JLSN during the reporting period. The largest event reported in the period was a ML 4.7 earthquake that occurred on December 28, 1993 in the Gros Ventre Range, east of the Jackson Ho ...
Test of Strain Behavior Model with Radon Anomaly in Seismogenic
... The regional scale nature of precursory deformations can help us understanding the local dynamics of the subsoil radon field controlled by variations in the stress-strain state in tectonically un compacted regions of the crust was proposed in [15,16]. In this paper, we derive a probabilistic bayesia ...
... The regional scale nature of precursory deformations can help us understanding the local dynamics of the subsoil radon field controlled by variations in the stress-strain state in tectonically un compacted regions of the crust was proposed in [15,16]. In this paper, we derive a probabilistic bayesia ...
Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes
... Plenty of observations prove static stress transfer, yet it is only effective within regional distances, that is up to approximately one fault length from the triggering earthquake [Toda et al., 2011]. This limits the range of static stress triggering to several hundred kilometers even for large Mw ...
... Plenty of observations prove static stress transfer, yet it is only effective within regional distances, that is up to approximately one fault length from the triggering earthquake [Toda et al., 2011]. This limits the range of static stress triggering to several hundred kilometers even for large Mw ...
Relocating a Cluster of Earthquakes Using a Single
... Accurate earthquake location is important for many applications. Locations are required for: magnitude determination (Richter, 1935; Gutenberg, 1945); computing moment tensors (Sipkin, 2002); seismological studies of the Earth’s interior (Spencer and Gubbins, 1980; Kennett et al., 1995, 2004; Curtis ...
... Accurate earthquake location is important for many applications. Locations are required for: magnitude determination (Richter, 1935; Gutenberg, 1945); computing moment tensors (Sipkin, 2002); seismological studies of the Earth’s interior (Spencer and Gubbins, 1980; Kennett et al., 1995, 2004; Curtis ...
The Performance of Earthquake Strengthened URM Buildings in the
... A diagram that shows the peak ground acceleration that a building of a specific period will be subjected to. The spectra can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural el ...
... A diagram that shows the peak ground acceleration that a building of a specific period will be subjected to. The spectra can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural el ...
The 43rd Nordic Seismology Seminar
... blocks such as Estonian, Finnish, Swedish, Riga, Pskov-Paldissky, Southern Baltic and others with dimensions of 100-200 km in diameter were identified on the map. Each block was characterized by own internal structure and heterogeneity. The block size is related to its depth. The large blocks of var ...
... blocks such as Estonian, Finnish, Swedish, Riga, Pskov-Paldissky, Southern Baltic and others with dimensions of 100-200 km in diameter were identified on the map. Each block was characterized by own internal structure and heterogeneity. The block size is related to its depth. The large blocks of var ...
here - Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Eberhard Karls
... 2.1 Earthquake Data The earthquake data were taken from the U.S. Geological Survey Science Data Catalog (USGS). The USGS Earthquake Data Catalog is freely accessible and contains a large amount of earthquake data. In this study only earthquakes with a magnitude of at least 5 have been considered, be ...
... 2.1 Earthquake Data The earthquake data were taken from the U.S. Geological Survey Science Data Catalog (USGS). The USGS Earthquake Data Catalog is freely accessible and contains a large amount of earthquake data. In this study only earthquakes with a magnitude of at least 5 have been considered, be ...
Moment Magnitude Estimates for Earthquakes in the Greek Region
... Mediterranean region since 1997 using a variation of the CMT algorithm that inverts the first-arriving surface waves with a low-pass cutoff period of 40–60 s (Pondrelli et al., 2002, 2004, 2011). The Swiss seismological service group in ETH was calculating deviatoric moment tensors for events in the ...
... Mediterranean region since 1997 using a variation of the CMT algorithm that inverts the first-arriving surface waves with a low-pass cutoff period of 40–60 s (Pondrelli et al., 2002, 2004, 2011). The Swiss seismological service group in ETH was calculating deviatoric moment tensors for events in the ...
Spatiotemporal relationships between earthquakes of the Mid
... Europe (43oN to 54oN) exhibits diffuse seismicity with the largest known earthquakes rarely greater than magnitude 4 (Tesauro et al., 2006). This seismicity seems to be concentrated on old zones of weakness that are reactivated by the present-day stress field (Ziegler, 1992). A large number of the e ...
... Europe (43oN to 54oN) exhibits diffuse seismicity with the largest known earthquakes rarely greater than magnitude 4 (Tesauro et al., 2006). This seismicity seems to be concentrated on old zones of weakness that are reactivated by the present-day stress field (Ziegler, 1992). A large number of the e ...
Earthquake swarm and b-value characterization of the Yellowstone
... Because of the elimination of previous systematic time-dependent magnitude shifts, the recomputed MC values are considered more consistent and reliable than previous MC estimations. Essentially all the earthquakes in the catalog have magnitudes less than or equal to MC = 4.0; 99.1% have MC ≤ 3.0; 91 ...
... Because of the elimination of previous systematic time-dependent magnitude shifts, the recomputed MC values are considered more consistent and reliable than previous MC estimations. Essentially all the earthquakes in the catalog have magnitudes less than or equal to MC = 4.0; 99.1% have MC ≤ 3.0; 91 ...
Slab pull, slab weakening, and their relation to deep intraslab
... guiding stresses within the slab [Christova and Scholz, 2003; Conrad et al., 2004]. Hence we might expect a relationship between slabs that are able to transfer stress effectively to the surface (i.e. having strong plate-slab attachment) and the frequency and magnitude of intermediate and deep focus ...
... guiding stresses within the slab [Christova and Scholz, 2003; Conrad et al., 2004]. Hence we might expect a relationship between slabs that are able to transfer stress effectively to the surface (i.e. having strong plate-slab attachment) and the frequency and magnitude of intermediate and deep focus ...
Deliverable 3.2 - version 2 - Website for the dissemination of long
... The present version of SHARE deliverable 3.2 is constituted by its first version, complemented with the descriptions of the steps that the SHARE catalogue underwent since its first release in April 2011, which are briefly summarized in the following. 1. SHEEC was first released on 13 April 2011, as ...
... The present version of SHARE deliverable 3.2 is constituted by its first version, complemented with the descriptions of the steps that the SHARE catalogue underwent since its first release in April 2011, which are briefly summarized in the following. 1. SHEEC was first released on 13 April 2011, as ...
Anomalous stress diffusion in earthquake triggering: Correlation
... decays with distance. These stress changes may then induce further earthquakes, either in the form of smaller aftershocks in the immediate vicinity of the main shock (i.e., at a distance of around one source dimension), or in the form of long-range triggered events (several source dimensions). The e ...
... decays with distance. These stress changes may then induce further earthquakes, either in the form of smaller aftershocks in the immediate vicinity of the main shock (i.e., at a distance of around one source dimension), or in the form of long-range triggered events (several source dimensions). The e ...
Landslides, earthquakes, and erosion
... of the triggered landslides. We have recently shown [1] that the frequency–area statistics of three substantially complete landslide inventories are well approximated by the same probability density function, a three-parameter inverse-gamma distribution. We also introduced a landslide-event magnitud ...
... of the triggered landslides. We have recently shown [1] that the frequency–area statistics of three substantially complete landslide inventories are well approximated by the same probability density function, a three-parameter inverse-gamma distribution. We also introduced a landslide-event magnitud ...
Magnitude Scaling Relationships - GEM Nexus
... magnitude scaling relationships. These are typically regressions of historical earthquake datasets, in which magnitude is scaled to parameters such as fault rupture length and area. The mix of historical data from different tectonic environments, and the different forms of the regression equations c ...
... magnitude scaling relationships. These are typically regressions of historical earthquake datasets, in which magnitude is scaled to parameters such as fault rupture length and area. The mix of historical data from different tectonic environments, and the different forms of the regression equations c ...
Possible stress states adjacent to the rupture
... 1993; Yu et al., 1997). In the case of isotropic horizontal stress with the magnitude smaller than the vertical stress (Fig. 2b), focal mechanisms are favorable to normal-faulting ubiquitously. Such distribution of focal mechanisms can only tally with few aftershocks and disagree with the region str ...
... 1993; Yu et al., 1997). In the case of isotropic horizontal stress with the magnitude smaller than the vertical stress (Fig. 2b), focal mechanisms are favorable to normal-faulting ubiquitously. Such distribution of focal mechanisms can only tally with few aftershocks and disagree with the region str ...
April 2015 Nepal earthquake
The April 2015 Nepal earthquake (also known as the Gorkha earthquake) killed more than 9,000 people and injured more than 23,000. It occurred at 11:56 NST on 25 April, with a magnitude of 7.8Mw or 8.1Ms and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent). Its epicenter was east of the district of Lamjung, and its hypocenter was at a depth of approximately 8.2 km (5.1 mi). It was the worst natural disaster to strike Nepal since the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake.The earthquake triggered an avalanche on Mount Everest, killing at least 19, making April 25, 2015 the deadliest day on the mountain in history. The earthquake triggered another huge avalanche in the Langtang valley, where 250 people were reported missing.Hundreds of thousands of people were made homeless with entire villages flattened, across many districts of the country. Centuries-old buildings were destroyed at UNESCO World Heritage sites in the Kathmandu Valley, including some at the Kathmandu Durbar Square, the Patan Durbar Square, the Bhaktapur Durbar Square, the Changu Narayan Temple and the Swayambhunath Stupa. Geophysicists and other experts had warned for decades that Nepal was vulnerable to a deadly earthquake, particularly because of its geology, urbanization, and architecture.Continued aftershocks occurred throughout Nepal at the intervals of 15–20 minutes, with one shock reaching a magnitude of 6.7 on 26 April at 12:54:08 NST. The country also had a continued risk of landslides.A major aftershock occurred on 12 May 2015 at 12:51 NST with a moment magnitude (Mw) of 7.3. The epicenter was near the Chinese border between the capital of Kathmandu and Mt. Everest. More than 200 people were killed and more than 2,500 were injured by this aftershock.