Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Evolution Study Guide Name________________________ Evolution: *Biodiversity- Many different species can exist in a particular environment *Variation- difference in species- there are brown rabbits & there are white rabbits *Genetic Variation has to come from inherited traits (NOT acquired) *Mutations- random change to genes. They can be helpful, harmful or sometimes neither *Darwin- Natural Selection- Galapagos Island, Finches *Acquired traits- like weightlifting can NOT be passed onto offspring *Mutations cause variation *Evolution is CHANGE- new species descend from earlier species *Environment is the biggest factor that affects natural selection *Environment also can affect speciation *Whales evolve from land animals *Speciation occurs when… (EAR) new Environment, Adapt through natural selection, can NO longer Reproduce with that species. Earth’s History: *Extinction of species can be from… environmental changes, loss of food source, disease *We have had millions of species on Earth. However, 99% of every living thing that was on Earth is now extinct. *Geologic time periods are divided by the appearance & disappearance of life forms (mass extinction) *Endangered Species- the species has a high risk of becoming extinct *Single-celled (bacteria) organisms have lived on Earth the longest. They have existed since Precambrian Time *B FARM B- order of organisms from oldest to youngest. Bacteria, Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Mammals, Birds *Humans live in the Cenozoic Era- Modern man first appeared approximately 100,000 years ago *Explosion of Life = Paleozoic *Age of Mammals = Cenozoic * Age of Reptiles = Mesozoic *The mass extinction that ended the Mesozoic Era was the meteorite hitting the Earth *Precambrian Time took up the most time in Earth’s history- 88% *Modern Nebular Hypothesis is the theory of how the solar system was formed *Big Bang is the theory of how the universe was formed Geologic Time *Fossils can be… imprints, molds, cast, or an insect trapped in amber *Law of Superposition- In layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest rock is on the bottom the newest is on top. *Relative age- comparison- an event is older or younger. It is determined by law of superposition or index fossils *Paleontologist study fossils *Absolute age- date in years- Example the igneous rock is 2.5 million years old. This is found by radioactive dating. *Half Life- Used in radioactive dating to determine the absolute age of a rock. Half-life of a radioactive element is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay. *Observation- Can be supported by facts. Example the fossil of the footprint has 3 toes *Inference- An assumption based on your facts. The footprints look like they were running *Catastrophism- sudden event that will change the surface of the Earth- Meteorite *Uniformitarianism- slow event that changes the surface- Erosion & Deposition * Using this geologic column the oldest layer is E, B, C, D, A youngest layer- Remember intrusions are always younger than the rock surrounding it.