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6e
Application of feedback systems
Individually or in groups you have looked at a number of glands and their respective
hormones. It is important that you are familiar with the relationship of negative feedback and
antagonistic hormones. To classic examples of this relationship are insulin and glucagon or
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. Be sure to look at the student work that explains these
concepts.
To give you a better feel of the importance of feedback systems in practical applications lets
take a look at two very important concepts that you are most likely exposed to in some form
each day: exercise and sickness.
Exercise:
As you subject your body to internal and external stresses associated with exercise, a number
of hormones are released. It is well documented that increased levels of testosterone are
linked to increased muscle growth and strength in men. However, when a woman exercises,
the same results occur, but the woman lacks the testosterone output of the man. So there
must be other hormones associated with this development as well.
Recent evidence has pointed towards the Growth hormone as a major hormone released
during resistance exercises, as this causes innumerable changes in skeletal muscle and
adipose tissue around the body.
Also as you exercise, LH and FSH are reduced as their effects are very unimportant during
exercise. Insulin also decreases. Most other hormones increase in concentration in the blood.
Five common areas where hormones are influenced by exercise are:
a.
Insulin and glucose/fat metabolism
b.
Growth hormone anabolic effects
c.
Catecholamines and overtraining
d.
Estrogen and muscle damage
e.
Endorphins and “exercise high”
STSE QUESTION Choose any of
the preceding points and indicate how the hormone is
associated with that component of exercise.
Sickness will be discussed as a class.