Download World History Chapter 5C Power Point

World History
Chapter 5C
Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age
Pericles’ Three Goals for Athens
• Strengthen Athenian Democracy
• Hold and strengthen the Empire
• Glorify Athens
Pericles
Stronger Democracy
• Increased the number of paid public officials
1. More citizens became engaged in selfgovernment
2. Political rights were still limited to those with
citizenship status
• He introduced Direct Democracy-citizens
rule directly and not through
representatives
Athenian Empire
• Pericles used the Delian League’s treasury to
build 200 warships and made Athens the
strongest navy in the Mediterranean
• The navy controlled waterways and trade
Athenian Trireme
Glorify Athens
• Pericles used the Delian League’s money
without their approval to beautify Athens
• All works on the Acropolis were built this way
including the Parthenon
Parthenon
Greek Styles in Art
• Greek sculptures
1. Phidias-Greatest Greek sculpture and
creator of the statues of Athena for the
Parthenon and Zeus for Olympia
2. Phidias’ work characterizes Greek classical
art in the values of order, balance, and
proportion
Athena
Zeus
Greek Drama
• The Greeks invented drama and built the first
theaters in the west
• Theaters were expressions of civic pride and a
tribute to the gods
Greek Amphitheaters
Greek Theater is Divided into Two
Parts-Tragedy and Comedy
• Tragedy- Serious drama about common themes
such as love, hate, war, or betrayal
-Key Writers-Aeschylus, Sophocles,
Euripides
• Comedy
-Scenes filled with slapstick situations and
crude humor
-Key Writer-Aristophanes
Spartans and Athenians Go To War
• Peloponnesian War
1. In 431 B.C., Sparta declared war on Athens
over a dispute of one of its Colonies
2. Pericles attempted to avoid land battles with
Sparta and Sparta avoided sea battles
3. Sparta eventually invaded Athenian lands
Plague
• Plague strikes Athens in the second year of the
war and Pericles is among those that die. 2/3
of Athens population dies from plague
1. 27,000 Athenians are also lost in a campaign
against Syracuse, Sicily
2. In 404 B.C. Athens surrenders
Greek Philosophers Search for Truth
• Greek Philosophy is based on two
assumptions:
1. The Universe (land, sky and sea)is put
together in an orderly way and subject to
absolute and unchanging laws
2. People can understand these laws through
logic and reason
Sophists
• They questioned peoples beliefs and ideas
about justice, and other traditional values
-Leading proponent was Protagoras
-”Man is the measure of all things”
Protagoras
Socrates
• He was a critic of the Sophist
• He believed that absolute standards did exist
for truth and justice
• “The unexamined life is not worth living”
• He was condemned to death for corrupting the
young
Socrates
Plato
• He was a student of Socrates’
• He wrote down his conversations with Socrates
• He Wrote The Republic
-It sets forth his vision of a perfectly
governed society
-His government has citizens fall naturally
into three groups: farmers,
artisans/warriors and the ruling class
-He believed in a philosopher-king
Plato
Aristotle
• He was a student of Plato’s
• He invented a nature of arguing according to
rules of logic
• His work provides the basis of the scientific
method today
• His most famous student was Alexander the
Great
Aristotle
TA5D
Read Pages 140-145
Copy & Define Terms on Page 145
Copy & Answer Questions 15 & 16 on Page 150