Download Chapter 33 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Ch.33 Scantron Test Prep Notes – Circulatory & Respiratory Systems
CIRCULATORY (Heart)
1-What is a function of the circulatory system?
REMOVING WASTES FROM TISSUES
2-What is the direction of flow on the right side of the heart?
VENA CAVA->RIGHT ATRIUM->RIGHT VENTRICLE->PULMONARY ARTERY
3-What structure prevents the mixing of oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood?
SEPTUM
3- How does tobacco affect the body?
IT CAUSES AN INCREASE IN THE HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE
CIRCULATORY (Blood Vessels)
1- How is it that simple organisms (such as jellyfish & flatworms) don’t need a circulatory system?
THEIR CELLS ARE IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH THE ENVIRONMENT.
2-What is a typical flow pattern of blood?
Arteries -> Capillaries->Veins
3-How do the walls of arteries and capillaries compare?
CAPILLARY WALLS ARE THINNER (super thin)
4-Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
ARTERIES
5-How does blood pressure in the arteries and veins compare?
BLOOD PRESSURE DROPS FROM THE ARTERIES TO THE VEINS
6-What is the event called when blood supply is interrupted causing sudden death of brain cells?
A STROKE
7-Which blood vessels supply the heart muscle with a constant supply of oxygen?
CORONARY ARTERIES
CIRCULATORY (Blood)
1-Which are the most numerous blood cells in the body?
RED
2-The thymus organ produces which type of cells?
T LYMPHOCYTES
3-Which organ removes old and damaged blood cells?
SPLEEN
4-What type of molecule is cholesterol?
FAT/LIPID
5-Which organ manufactures cholesterol?
LIVER
6-How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
3 ways
-It enters red blood cells and forms carbonic acid.
-It dissolves in the blood plasma
-It binds to hemoglobin and proteins in plasma
7-How does tobacco affect the body?
IT BLOCKS HEMAGLOBIN FROM BINDING TO OXYGEN THUS AFFECTING GAS EXCHANGE IN THE LUNGS.
8-Which gas (found in cigarette smoke) blocks the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin?
CARBON MONOXIDE
CIRCULATORY (Lymph)
1-What is a function of the lymphatic system?
TRANSPORT OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS TO THE BLOOD
2-What causes swollen lymph glands?
AN INFECTION (usually viral/bacterial)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1-How is inhalation achieved?
When the rib cage raises, a decrease in air pressure in the chest cavity causes air to rush into the lungs.
2-Which structure serves as a passageway for both air and food?
PHARYNX
3-If the epiglottis fails, what could happen?
THE PERSON COULD CHOKE
4-Which muscle contracts allowing you to take a deep breath (ex. as you begin driving through the tunnel)?
THE DIAPHRAGM
5- How does tobacco affect the body?
It paralyzes the cilia in the trachea allowing inhaled particles to enter the lungs
6-What causes chronic bronchitis?
The bronchi become inflamed and clogged with mucus.