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AP Biology
Mrs. Morton
Study Guide: Ch. 15 “The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance”
Key terms:
Chromosome theory of inheritance
Wild type
`
Mutant phenotype
Sex-linked
Linked genes
Parental types
Recombinants
Genetic map
Map unit
Linkage map
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Hemophilia
Barr body
nondisjunction
aneuploidy
trisomic
monosomic
polyploidy
deletion
duplication
translocation
inversion
Down syndrome
Turner syndrome
Klinfelter syndrome
genomic imprinting
Fragile X syndrome
Objectives:
1. Describe the contributions that Walter Sutton, Thomas Hunt Morgan, and Theodor Boveri made to the
current understanding of chromosomal inheritance.
1. Define linkage and explain why linkage interferes with independent assortment.
2. Show how cross over frequencies are used to make chromosome maps.
3. Describe the inheritance of sex-linked gene such as color-blindness.
4. Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans and the significance of the SRY gene.
5. Describe the process of X-inactivation in female mammals.
6. Distinguish among nondisjunction, aneuploidy, trisomy, and polyploidy. Explain how these major
chromosomal changes occur and describe the consequences.
7. Distinguish among deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations.
8. Describe the type of chromosomal alterations implicated in the following human disorders: Down
Syndrome, Klinfelter’s syndrome, extra Y, triple X, Turner’s syndrome
9. Define genomic imprinting.
10. Give some exceptions to the chromosome theory of inheritance. Explain why extranuclear genes are not
limited in a Mendelian fashion and how they can contribute to disease.