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Name___________________________ Teacher_____________________ Checklist – EPS Unit 7: Gravity and Orbital Motion o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Look over packet and unit with Mrs. Miller Watch introduction of Explore the Planets with class Read: “Gravity and Orbital Motion” pg. 122 Read: “Objectives for This Lesson” pg. 123 Complete Pre-Questions in packet Put goggles on! Inquiry 7.1: Gravity’s Effect on Objects in Motion o Read and follow all directions in textbook o Complete 7.1: Gravity’s Effect on Objects in Motion in packet Inquiry 7.2: Testing Balanced and Unbalanced Forces o Read and follow all directions in textbook o Complete 7.2: Testing Balanced and Unbalanced Forces in packet Inquiry 7.3: Observing Planetary Motion o Read and follow all directions in textbook o Complete 7.3: Observing Planetary Motion in packet o Make sure you have read “Stars Wobble” on pg. 131 Inquiry 7.4: Investigating the Effect of Planetary Mass on a Moon’s Orbit o Read and follow all directions in textbook o Complete 7.4: Investigating the Effect of Planetary Mass on a Moon’s Orbit in packet Sanitize goggles and return to bucket Read: “Heavy Thoughts” pg. 136 o Answer Discussion Questions in packet o Read: “What is an Unbalanced Force?” o Read: “Mutual Attraction” o Read: “How Matter Affects Space” o Read: “Modeling Curved Space” Read: “Mission: Saturn” pg. 142 o Answer Discussion Questions in packet Answer Reflection/Closing Questions below Work on non-fiction paper Pre-Questions 1. What keeps a satellite in space? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2. List your general observations about planets’ motion around the sun: o ___________________________________________________________ o ___________________________________________________________ o ___________________________________________________________ o ___________________________________________________________ 3. What is it called when a planet goes around the sun? ________________________ 4. What is it called when a planet spins on its axis? ________________________ Inquiry 7.1: Gravity’s Effect on Objects in Motion 1. What two forces are acting on the marble? _______________________________ & __________________________ 2. Is one force pulling more than another force? _____________________________________________________________ 3. Does the marble move the same way each time? _____________________________________________________________ 4. How did the marble move once it left the ruler? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 5. Does the marble leave the ruler differently with changes speeds? _____________________________________________________________ 6. Measure the distance the marble goes once it leaves the rules six times: ______cm ______cm ______cm ______cm ______cm ______cm 7. What controlling force acts on the marble at all times? _______________________ 8. When you rolled the marble slowly, how did it move once it left the ruler? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 9. How does the forward speed of the marble affect the motion of the marble once it leaves the ruler? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 10. All the planets that orbit the Sun are traveling forward due to inertia and falling toward the Sun due to gravity. Describe the path of something that had forward motion (like your marble) but is also being pulled down by gravity. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Inquiry 7.2: Testing Unbalanced Forces 1. Without moving the metal ring, describe the motion of the marble. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. When you use the ring to move the marble in circles, what do you observe? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3. How is the ring in the question above an unbalanced force? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 4. What do you think will happen if you lift the ring? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 5. Move the marble in circles, lift the ring. What happened? Try this several times before recording an answer, and give me a written answer and a pictorial answer. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 6. Suppose you lifted the ring when the marble was at the “1:00” position. Draw the path the marble would take. 7. Suppose you lifted the ring when the marble was at the “4:00” position. Draw the path the marble would take. 8. Like the marble, the planets move forward due to an unbalanced force. Together, these forces cause the planets’ path to curve. What is the unbalanced force that keeps the planets in orbit? What would happen without this unbalanced force? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Inquiry 7.3: Observing Planetary Motion 1. Predict: What path do you think the marble will take on the sheet? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. After releasing the marble several times off the rules, how did the marble move on the sheet? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3. After placing the water balloon on the sheet, how did the marble move on the sheet now? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 4. What did you observe about the behavior of the balloon? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 5. Predict: How will the marble move, now with you adding even more pressure/mass to the center of the sheet? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 6. How did the marble move with the added pressure/mass? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 7. How does the motion of the marble change as it nears the balloon? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 8. What happens to the marble when you wobble the balloon? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 9. Does the balloon wobble on its own as the marble orbits it? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 10. As the distance between the balloon and marble decreased, what happened to the marble’s speed? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 11. Based on your observations, which planet do you think would have the fastest orbital speed? What evidence do you have to explain your answer? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 12. What force keeps the planets in their orbital path around the sun? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 13. Read “Stars Wobble.” Why does a star’s “wobble” indicate that a planet is nearby? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Inquiry 7.4: Investigating the Effect of Planetary Mass on a Moon’s Orbit 1. What is the time of the orbital period required to make the “moon” stay in orbit around your hand? ____________ seconds 2. Predict: What will happen if you increase the mass of the Moon Orbiter’s cylinder to 25 washers: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. New orbital time period: ___________ seconds 4. How does the mass of the cylinder affect how fast or slow the sphere orbits your hand? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 5. Examine Table 7.1. Compare the mass of Jupiter with the mass of Earth. Which planet has more mass? _____________________ 6. Examine Table 7.1. Compare Jupiter’s moon Io with Earth’s moon. How are they alike? How are they different? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 7. Compare Io and the Moon. Which planetary satellite travels faster (has a greater orbital speed)? Given your results from the inquiry, why do you think this is? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 8. Orbital period is the time it takes a revolving object to orbit a central object. Which planetary satellite has a shorter orbital period? What is the relationship between orbital speed and orbital period? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 9. How do you think scientists determine the mass of the planets? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ “Heavy Thoughts” – Discussion Questions 1. What would happen to the planets if there were no gravitational influences from the Sun? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2. In baseball, why does a curve ball curve? Explain using Newton’s laws of motion. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ “Mission: Saturn” – Discussion Questions 1. Compare and contrast the characteristics of Saturn with those of other gaseous giants. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2. Given what you know about requirements for life, would it be possible for life to exist on Saturn? Is it likely? Explain your answer. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Reflection/Closing Questions 1. What is gravity? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2. Where is gravity strongest? Why? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. Where is gravity weakest? Why? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. What keeps the planets around the sun? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________