Download Dr. Watson Chapter 7 Urinary

Dr. Watson’s Medical Terminology
Chapter 7 The Urinary System
Week 11
Click on The Urinary System
Anatomy
1. Why is the urinary system important?
2.
What do the kidneys regulate?
3.
Describe “urine” for someone who doesn’t know the term “urine”.
4.
Which organs are the uppermost structures of the urinary system?
5.
What structures connect the kidneys to the bladder?
6.
What structure is a muscular sac that hold urine until a person feels the urge to urinate?
7.
What is another term for urinate (medical term)?
8.
What is the external opening of the urethra called?
9.
Describe the appearance of the urethra.
10. In the male, what gland surrounds the urethra just under the bladder?
11. What is the function of the gland in #10 above? (Notice the spelling – what other word is similar –
do you know what that word means?)
12. Label the attached drawings.
13. What is the outer covering of the kidney called? Describe it.
14. What is located immediately beneath #13 above and what is contained within that area?
15. Describe where the blood vessels enter the kidney
16. Where is the ureter attached?
17. From what structure does the urine empty into the pelvis of the kidney?
18. Which part of the kidney collects urine from the entire kidney?
19. Describe what a nephron does?
20. What are the names of some of the waste products or excess products that the nephrons remove
from the blood?
21. How many nephrons does each kidney contain?
Pathology
1. What is the most common urinary infection and what causes it?
2.
List and define each of the symptoms of #1 above.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3.
Define:
a. urethritis
b. ureteritis
4.
What is a serious kidney infection that includes symptoms of fever, nausea, vomiting, ________
uria, ________uria, and _________uria.
Toxins from bacteria that cause strep throat can result in temporary damage of the glomerulus.
What is this condition?
Define:
a. proteinuria
b. oliguria
c. edema
5.
6.
7.
What is ATN? What are two causes of ATN? Define each cause.
8.
What treatment is necessary if the kidneys become too damaged or destroyed?
9.
What is the medical term for kidney stones? What are the symptoms of this condition and what
structures can be blocked by a kidney stone?
10. What is meant by the term hydronephrosis? What causes it?
11. What is the difference between lithotomy and lithotripsy?
12. Why would it be preferable to do laser surgery instead of other invasive procedures for kidney
stones?
13. What might cause an obstruction where the bladder meets the urethra?
14. What is prostatic hyperplasia?
15. A complication of prostatic hyperplasia is cystitis. This may lead to retention with _____________
and surgery may be necessary to correct the condition.
16. What is BPH (medical term and what is the condition)?
17. What kind of condition exists when the end of the penis is blocked or narrowed?
18. What is the prepuce?
Pharmacy
1. What type of medication is given for an infection of the urinary system?
2.
What are two important things to remember when taking antibiotics?
3.
What type of female hormones are sometimes given for the treatment of prostate cancer?
4.
What type of drug is used for malignant tumors?
5.
Which kind of drug helps to increase the secretion of urine?
6.
How do the drugs in #5 above work?
The Lab
1. What substances are not normally found in urine?
2.
What two blood tests can be used to determine kidney function?
3.
Which laboratory test is the most commonly used test on urine?
The Clinic
1. What are four non-invasive x-ray exams done to examine the urinary system?
2.
Define endoscopic by breaking the term into its word parts.
3.
What kind of equipment is used to instill dye into the bladder? What else is this used for?
4.
What is the name of the test for #3 above?
5.
What is the medical term for “a backward flow of urine due to weak valves in the bladder or an
obstruction”?
6.
What does “IVP” stand for and what is it used for?
7.
What test is ordered if an IVP and a cystogram are done together?
8.
What is meant by the term “retrograde”?
9.
Define the following terms and what conditions they can detect:
a.
Urethroscopy
b.
Cystoscopy
c.
Nephroscopy
10. What is done in the procedure of a renal biopsy?
11. What are three procedures that may be performed to assess or correct bladder problems?
12. If cancer is found by the procedures in #11 above, what might be necessary?
13. Define:
a.
Urethroplasty
b.
Urethropexy
c.
Pyelolithotomy
d.
Cystolithotomy
e.
Nephrectomy
f.
Renal transplant
14. What procedure is done if the kidney and the ureter is removed?
Records
1. Give the meanings for the following abbreviations:
a. AGN
b. IVP
c. ATN
d. KUB
e. GU
f. Cysto
g. pH
h. UTI
j. PKU
k. TUR
m. I/O
l. UA
Miscellaneous Terms
1. Define the following terms:
a. anuria
b.
uremia
c.
dysuria
d.
urologist
e.
renal
f.
hesitancy
g.
enuresis
h.
peritoneal dialysis
i.
azotemia
j.
phenylketonuria
Don’t forget to try the Class Exercises!