Download BHS 150.1 – Biochemistry II Date: 2/8/2013, 2sndhalf Notetaker: Kim

BHS 150.1 – Biochemistry II
Notetaker: Kim Powell
Date: 2/8/2013, 2sndhalf
Page1
Clicker Questions:
1. The presence of lactate in the aqueous indicates:
anaerobic glycolysis
2. Multiple codons for a single amino acid usually vary in the:
3’ position in the codon
3. During the process of phototransduction in the rod, the activation of transducin occurs after:
Light causes the conversion of 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal in rhodopsin
4. Alpha 2 receptor agonists lower IOP by stimulating:
Actin in the TM, to open channels which decreases resistance to outflow
5. Receptors which decrease the activity of NA/K ATPase via less phosphorylation.
In the fed state, which enxymes activity is correct as listed:
Pryvate kinase is de-phosphorylated and active
Glycogen phosphorylase is de-phosphorylated and inactive
6. During aging in the vitreous, which two of the following problems occur:
crosslinking of the collagen network
displacement of the hyaluronic acid network
7. In the retina, glutamate release onto the bipolar on cells will result in a:
cGMP sensitive-Na+ channel closing
8. Chloinergic agonists lower IOP by contracting the ciliary body muscle, which stretches the TM
causing channels to:
Open and increase outflow
9. What is the function of connexins in the lens?
cell-cell communication
10. In the fasting state, which of the following pathways become more active?
glycogen breakdown
beta-oxidation of fatty acids
Gluconeogenesis
11. During development, the vitreous composition dramatically increases in the:
Hyaluronic acid concentration to increase the hydration of the lens
12. Ascorbate in the aqueous is needed by the cornea for which two of the following functions:
antioxidant properties
collagen synthesis
13. A missense mutation occurs when the:
amino acid sequence changes
14. During fasting, what are some possible sources of carbons for gluconeogenesis:
amino acids from protein degradation
glycerol from triglyceride breakdown
lactate from glucose metabolism
15. A deamination of a base often leads to:
a base substitution
16. Where is alpha crystalline found in the lens and what is its function?
Epithelium and Fibers – protection
17. In the lens, PPP is used to make which of the following two substances:
R5P for nucleotide synthesis
NADPH to reduce oxidized glutathione
18. Prostaglandin F2 analogs (XALATAN) work to decrease IOP by activating MMP’s which:
Degrade the collagen framework of the TM, decreasing resistance to outflow
19. Translocase activity of the ribosome results in the:
transfer of the peptidyl tRNA from the A to the P site
20. Beta 2 receptor stimulation will increase aqueous production by:
Increasing the activity of the NA/K ATPase via more phosphorylation
21. What is the relationship between the coding DNA strand and RNA transcript produced?
The sequence is the same, T’s are replaced by U’s
22. To produce ATP the mature lens fibers use:
Anaerobic glycolysis
23. The glucose in the vitreous is:
used for anaerobic glycolysis by the lens (NOT released to retina)
24. During replication, a ploymerase:
Adds deoxyribonucleotides to the free 3’ OH group
25. In the lens, age-related cataract formation occurs when:
Decreased levels of glutathione can no longer prevent cross-linking of crystallins