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Download Timeline for British History to 1688
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Timeline for British History to 1688 55, 54 B.C. 6? B.C 43 A.D. 61 122 140c. 313 396-8 410 410 476c 500c 590 597 664 731 756 794 812c 869 871 1003 1017 1042 1066 1069 1086 1073 1077 1094 1095 1136 1170 1180 1198 1199 1209 1215 1258 1272 1290 1297 1305 1314 Julius Caesar invades Britain Jesus of Nazareth born Britain occupied under Claudius Boudicca’s rebellion in Britain crushed by Suetonius Hadrian’s Wall built in Britain against the Picts Antonine Wall built in Britain; abandoned c. 163 Edict of Milan allows for the liberty for the cult of Christianity Roman victories in Britain against Picts, Scots, and Saxons Visigoths, led by Alaric, sack Rome Romans evacuate Britain Saxon settlements in Sussex British victory over Saxons at Badon Hill Gregory the Great elected pope (590-604) (St.) Augustine’s mission to England Synod of Whitby: Roman practice imposed (St.)Bede writes Ecclesiastical History Irish Book of Kells Viking raids on England and Ireland; Jarrow and Iona sacked Beowulf, Anglo-Saxon poem St. Edmund murdered by the Danes Alfred the Great king of Wessex (871-99) Swein Forkbeard, king of Denmark attacks England and takes London Cnut becomes king of England and Denmark (1017-35) Edward the Confessor, king of England (1042-66) Normans invade England; William I defeats Harold at Hastings Harrowing of the North by William I Domesday survey in England Hildebrand becomes Pope Gregory VII; Gregorian Reforms of the Church Bayeux Tapestry illustrates the Norman conquest of England (St.) Anselm writes “Cur Deus Homo?” Pope Urban II preaches the first crusade Geoffrey of Monmouth writes “History of the Kings of Britain” Thomas Becket murdered by king Henry II The longbow used in Wales Innocent III pope (1198-1216); height of papal power and prestige John I king of England (1199-1216) Cambridge University founded John I accepts Magna Carta from barons Provisions of Oxford limit royal power in England Edward I (1272-1307) begins the conquest of Wales Jews expelled from England William Wallace defeat English army at Stirling Bridge Edward I executes Wallace Robert Bruce defeats English at Bannockburn 1 1338 1340 1346 1348 1351 1353 1356 1364 1381 1382 1387 1396 1399 1413 1415 1429 1431 1450 1453 1456c. 1460 1461 1471 1483 1485 1509 1517 1529 1533 1534 1535 1536 1540 1543 1545 1547 1553 1558 1559 1600c 1562 1563 1567 1570 Edward III claims the French throne and the Hundred Years War begins Battle of Sluys; English gain control of the English Channel Battle of Crecy, English victory, cannon used, Calais occupied Black Death arrives in England, one-third of population dies English “Statute of Labourers” seeks to uphold feudalism Ottoman Turks enter Europe Edward the Black Prince wins at Poitiers, French king John II captured William Langland writes “Piers Plowman” Peasants’ Revolt in England, Wat Tyler defeated, poll tax withdrawn Lollards (John Wycliffe) condemned Geoffrey Chaucer writes “Canterbury Tales” Truce in Hundred Years War Richard II deposed and murdered; Bollingbroke Henry IV (1399-1413) Henry V king of England (1413-22) Henry V wins at Agincourt, occupies Normandy Joan of Arc relieves Orleans Joan of Arc burned at the stake in Rouen Jack Cade’s peasant rebellion suppressed Hundred Years War ends, English War of the Roses begins, Constantinople falls to Ottoman Turks Gutenberg Bible: first printed book Richard of York killed at Wakefield Edward of York seizes English throne as Edward IV (1461-83) Lancastrians defeated at Tewksbury, Henry VI killed, Edward IV accepted (1471-83) Edward V; Richard III king of England (1483-5) Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at Bosworth, becomes Henry VII Henry VIII king of England (1509-47) Martin Luther’s 95 Theses begin the Protestan Reformation in Germany Fall of English Chancellor, Cardinal Wolsey Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn English “Act of Supremacy,” break with the papacy John Calvin in Geneva Dissolution of English and Welsh monasteries Henry VIII tries to impose political and religious settlement on Ireland Nicolaus Copernicus writes “On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres” Council of Trent convoked to reform the Catholic Church (1545-63) Edward VI king of England (1547-53) Mary Tudor queen of England (1553-8), brief Catholic restoration France recaptures Calais from England, Elizabeth I queen (1558-98) John Knox active in Scotland Tobacco enters Europe French Wars of Religion begin Religious settlement in England; 39 Articles Mary Queen of Scots flees to England Pope Pius V excommunicates Elizabeth I 2 1577 1587 1588 1594 1600 1602 1605 1607 1610 1618 1625 1627 1629 1633 1637 1640 1642 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1659 1659 1652 1653 1660 1662 1664 1665 1666 1666-7 1672 1688 Francis Drake’s voyage around the world begins Mary Queen of Scots executed Spanish Armada defeated Bad harvests in England (1594-7) Rebellion of Essex against Elizabeth I William Shakespeare composes “Hamlet” Gunpowder Plot in English Parliament Virginia settled by British Ulster planted with English and Scottish settlers Thirty Years War begins in Europe Charles I king of England (1625-49) Britain and France at war (1627-9) Charles I governs without Parliament William Laud elected Bp. of Canterbury; opposes Puritans in Britain Charles I faces crisis in Scotland over new liturgy Long Parliament begins First English Civil War begins Charles I defeated at Marston Moor New Model Army formed Charles I defeated at Naseby, War ends Leveller influence in the army Second Civil War, Charles I accepts defeat Charles I executed Cromwell’s massacre at Drogheda, Ireland First Anglo-Dutch War, Cromwell conquers the Scots Oliver Cromwell “Protector” (1653-8) Charles II restored as King (1660-85) Royal Society in London Second Anglo-Dutch War (1664–7) Great Plague of London Fire of London Isaac Newton invents differential calculus Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–4) English “Glorious Revolution,” William (1689–1702) and Mary (1689–94) reign 3
