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CHAPTER 4 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Learning Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to • Identify and define the combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes introduced in this chapter. • Correctly spell and pronounce medical terms and major anatomical structures relating to the musculoskeletal system. • Locate and describe the major organs of the musculoskeletal system and their functions. • Correctly place bones in either the axial or the appendicular skeleton. • List and describe the components of a long bone. • Identify bony projections and depressions. • Identify the parts of a synovial joint. • Describe the characteristics of the three types of muscle tissue. • Use movement terminology correctly. • Identify and define musculoskeletal system anatomical terms. • Identify and define selected musculoskeletal system pathology terms. • Identify and define selected musculoskeletal system diagnostic procedures. • Identify and define selected musculoskeletal system therapeutic procedures. • Identify and define selected medications relating to the musculoskeletal system. • Define selected abbreviations associated with the musculoskeletal system. 78 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Worksheet 4A New Combining Form, Prefix, and Suffix Handout Directions: For each combining form, prefix, and suffix below write out its meaning. Then locate a new term from the chapter that uses the word part and its meaning. Combining Forms Meaning Chapter Term Meaning 1. ankyl/o 2. arthr/o 3. articul/o 4. burs/o 5. carp/o 6. cervic/o 7. chondr/o 8. clavicul/o 9. coccyg/o 10. cortic/o 11. cost/o 12. crani/o 13. femor/o 14. fibul/o 15. humer/o 16. ili/o 17. ischi/o 18. kyph/o 19. lamin/o 20. lord/o 21. lumb/o 22. mandibul/o 23. maxill/o © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 79 Combining Forms Meaning Chapter Term Meaning 24. medull/o 25. metacarp/o 26. metatars/o 27. myel/o 28. orth/o 29. oste/o 30. patell/o 31. ped/o 32. pelv/o 33. phalang/o 34. pod/o 35. pub/o 36. radi/o 37. sacr/o 38. scapul/o 39. scoli/o 40. spin/o 41. spondyl/o 42. stern/o 43. synovi/o 44. synov/o 45. tars/o 46. thorac/o 47. tibi/o 48. uln/o 49. vertebr/o 80 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Combining Forms Meaning Chapter Term Meaning 50. duct/o 51. extens/o 52. fasci/o 53. fibr/o 54. flex/o 55. kinesi/o 56. muscul/o 57. my/o 58. myocardi/o 59. myos/o 60. plant/o 61. rotat/o 62. ten/o 63. tend/o 64. tendin/o 65. vers/o Suffixes 66. -blast 67. -clasia 68. -desis 69. -listhesis 70. -porosis 71. -asthenia 72. -ion 73. -kinesia 74. -tonia © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 81 Prefixes Meaning Chapter Term Meaning 75. ab76. ad77. circum78. e79. in- 82 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Worksheet 4B Medical Term Analysis Directions: Below are terms built from word parts used in this chapter that are not analyzed in the Word Building Table. Many are built from word parts you have learned in previous chapters. Analyze each term presented below and list and define the word parts used to build each term. Medical Term Word Part Analysis 1. osteocyte 2. osteoblast 3. articular 4. kyphosis 5. scoliosis 6. orthotic 7. osteogenic 8. osteomalacia 9. osteoporosis 10. spondylolisthesis 11. osteoarthritis © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 83 Medical Term Word Part Analysis 12. systemic 13. arthrography 14. arthroscopy 15. arthroplasty 16. myoneural 17. electromyography 18. atrophy 19. pseudohypertrophic 20. fibromyalgia 84 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Worksheet 4C Unscramble Directions: Unscramble each medical term below. A definition for the term is given below each scrambled term. 1. m r a o f e l Pertaining to the thigh 2. l a t e a l p r Pertaining to the knee cap 3. t a o s c l Pertaining to a rib 4. b l a d i a n m u r Pertaining to the lower jaw 5. p a c u s r a l Pertaining to the shoulder blade 6. l u c v i l a r a c Pertaining to the collar bone 7. l i s o c o i s s Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine 8. p a r a i o r d h g y Imaging procedure using X-rays 9. o c t u r a n r t e c Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers 10. r t t o i o h c Orthopedic appliance, such as a brace © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 85 Worksheet 4D Sound It Out Directions: The following are some of the key terms from this chapter written as their phonetic spellings. Sound out each term and write it in the blank. Pronunciations for all terms are included in the glossary at the end of the book and in the audio glossary located on Medical Terminology Interactive. 1. figh-broh-my-AL-jee-ah 2. brad-ee-kih-NEE-see-ah 3. KON-droh-plas-tee 4. mack-sih-LAIR-ree 5. ee-lek-troh-MY-oh-gram 6. or-THO-sis 7. sin-OH-vee-al 8. FEM-or-all 9. ILL-ee-ack 10. in-ter-VER-teh-bral 11. ber-SIGH-tis 12. met-ah-CAR-pal 13. FIB-yoo-lar 14. ar-thro-sen-TEE-sis 15. kray-nee-OTT-oh-mee 16. my-oh-REK-sis 17. oss-tee-oh-mi-ell-EYE-tis 18. skoh-lee-OH-sis 19. pa-TELL-ar 20. pross-THEE-sis 21. ray-dee-OG-rah-fee 22. spon-dih-LOW-sis 23. oss-tee-oh-por-ROH-sis 24. ten-oh-DIN-ee-ah 25. kon-TRACK-chur 86 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Worksheet 4E Word Search Puzzle Directions: Find and circle the answer for each fill-in-the-blank question in the word search puzzle. W C O M P R E S S I O N G S A I A L C O R H T R A T I R G M A L R C T N N Q S G Q R S I R E K Y R B K I L J E T N C D B V K H D D A S E N A N U L P P B M E Y I N E R Y C X H T C M P M S S M C Q T L R K U M O O O T A A F I D K N L M H R H I G R N O K R P V C T B P C I T H N E B J Q L R I Y K L N G T F C G B F O F K M Y I S Y N D J M P S 1. The bones are joined together by to form the skeleton. 2. Orthopedic surgeons are also referred to as . 3. The anatomical name for the breast bone is the 4. is a term meaning to surgically break a joint. 5. is a term meaning inside the skull. . 6. A fracture results in loss of height of a vertebral body. 7. is a chronic condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and fibrous soft tissue. 8. A fracture is commonly seen in children. 9. An abnormal increase in the normal outward curvature of the thoracic spine is called . 10. means to realign the bones in a fracture or dislocation. © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 87 Worksheet 4F Crossword Puzzle Directions: Use the definitions given to complete the crossword puzzle. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ACROSS 1 Imaging procedure using x-rays 4 arthritis is an autoimmune disease 6 Externally applied brace or splint 8 Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine 10 Artificial device used to substitute for a missing body part 11 Fracture with a line straight across the shaft of bone 88 DOWN 1 Procedure to correct fracture by realigning bone 2 Arthritis caused by loss of cartilage cushion covering bone 3 Osteogenic is the most common type of bone cancer 5 An fracture line runs on an angle to the bone shaft 7 Slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces 9 Sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Crossword Puzzle Directions: Use the definitions given to complete the crossword puzzle. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ACROSS DOWN 2 Procedure to stabilize fractured bone 6 Chronic condition with widespread muscle aching and pain 8 Fracture in which broken bone causes open skin wound 9 Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers 10 Damage to the muscles or tendons from overstretching 11 Medical term for swayback 1 Fracture with shattered bone 3 Anatomical name for the lower jaw 4 Fracture with incomplete break 5 Joint is displaced from normal alignment 7 Medical term for hunchback © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 89 Worksheet 4G Chapter Review Anatomy and Physiology 1. The four classifications of bones by their shape are , , , and . 2. Dense and hard exterior surface bone is called or bone. 3. A is a large, smooth, ball-shaped process on the end of a long bone. 4. The bones that form the central axis for the whole body are part of the skeleton. 5. The pectoral girdle consists of the and . 6. The most common type of joint in the body is a 7. Visceral muscle is another name for joint. muscle. 8. muscles are voluntary. 9. is movement away from the midline. 10. A anchors a muscle to a bone. Word Building Directions: Build a term that means: 1. cartilage softening 2. fusion of a joint 3. pertaining to between vertebrae 4. bone and cartilage tumor 5. pertaining to the femur 6. pertaining to the breast bone 7. lack of tone 8. study of movement 9. incision into fascia 10. record of muscle electricity 90 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Matching _____ 1. clavicle a. Brace or splint _____ 2. phalanges b. Realigning bones in a fracture _____ 3. exostosis c. Fracture commonly seen in children _____ 4. orthotic d. Procedure to stabilize a joint _____ 5. comminuted e. Loss of bone mass _____ 6. greenstick f. Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers _____ 7. HNP g. Bone spur _____ 8. subluxation h. Sudden, strong muscle contraction _____ 9. RA i. Fracture with shattered bone _____ 10. spina bifida j. Wryneck _____ 11. osteoporosis k. Noise from two bones rubbing together _____ 12. prosthesis l. Inherited muscle degeneration disease _____ 13. crepitation m. Considered an autoimmune disease _____ 14. DXA n. Damage to ligaments around a joint _____ 15. reduction o. Fingers _____ 16. NSAIDs p. Aching and pain in muscles and soft tissue _____ 17. contracture q. Collarbone _____ 18. spasm r. Scar tissue in the fascia _____ 19. fibromyalgia s. Device to substitute a missing body part _____ 20. carpal tunnel syndrome t. Protruding intervertebral disk _____ 21. torticollis u. Provide mild pain relief _____ 22. adhesion v. Measures bone density _____ 23. MD w. Congenital anomaly _____ 24. sprain x. A repetitive motion disorder _____ 25. tenodesis y. Incomplete dislocation © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 91 Name Date Score Quiz 4A New Word Parts Quiz Directions: Define the combining form or suffix in the spaces provided. 1. arth/o 2. carp/o 3. cost/o 4. lord/o 5. scoli/o 6. medull/o 7. myel/o 8. lumb/o 9. thorac/o 10. spondyl/o 11. fasci/o 12. myos/o 13. plant/o 14. tend/o 15. kinesi/o 16. fibr/o 17. my/o 18. synovi/o 19. orth/o 20. circum21. -tonia 22. -asthenia 23. -desis 24. -clasia 25. -listhesis 92 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Name Date Score Quiz 4B Spelling Quiz Directions: Write each term as your instructor pronounces it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 93 Name Date Score Quiz 4C Labeling Diagram Directions: Label the bones of the skeleton. 1. 17. 18. 2. 19. 3. 20. 4. 5. 21. 22. 6. 7. 23. 8. 24. 9. 25. 26. 10. 27. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 94 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Name Date Score Quiz 4D Labeling Diagram Directions: Label the parts of a long bone. 4. 5. 1. 6. 7. 8. 2. 3. © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 95 Name Date Score Quiz 4E Word Building Quiz Directions: Build a single medical term for each phrase below. 1. fusion of a joint 2. inflammation of a bursa 3. surgical repair of cartilage 4. incision into the skull 5. surgically break a bone 6. surgical removal of synovial membrane 7. pertaining to wrist 8. pertaining to ilium 9. pertaining to kneecap 10. pertaining to upper jaw 11. pertaining to tailbone 12. pertaining to chest 13. abnormal condition of hump 14. porous bone 15. vertebra slipping 16. inflammation of bone and joint 17. process of recording a joint 18. inflammation of fascia 19. pertaining to muscle 20. muscle disease 21. inflammation of many muscles 22. abnormal tone 23. slow movement 24. excessive development 25. inflammation of a tendon 96 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Name Date Score Quiz 4F Abbreviations Quiz Directions: Write the medical term for which each abbreviation stands. 1. AE 2. BK 3. BDT 4. DJD 5. DXA 6. Fx 7. HNP 8. NSAID 9. ORIF 10. RA 11. THA 12. TKR 13. UE 14. LE 15. ortho 16. JRA 17. Ca 18. L1 19. C2 20. T2 21. MD 22. IM 23. EMG 24. DTR 25. CTS © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 97 Name Date Score Quiz 4G Chapter Review PART I: Multiple Choice Directions: Circle the correct answer. 1. The medical term for the end region of a long bone is a. orthopedist. a. diaphysis. b. epiphysis. b. orthotist. c. periosteum. c. podiatrist. d. bursa. 2. Which bone is not found in the appendicular skeleton? a. tibia. b. phalanges. c. clavicle. d. sternum. 3. Most of the joints found in the human body are what type? a. bursa joints. b. ball and socket joints. c. synovial joints. d. suture joints. 4. The medical term for a fracture that does not break through the skin is a. closed. b. complete. c. comminuted. d. compound. 5. The term meaning movement toward the midline is a. abduction. b. circumduction. 98 6. A specialist in treating disorders of the feet is a(n) d. physiatrist. 7. An inherited disease causing progressive muscle weakness and atrophy is a. myasthenia. b. carpal tunnel syndrome. c. rheumatoid arthritis. d. muscular dystrophy. 8. The medical term for the removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination is a. myelography. b. muscle biopsy. c. dual-energy absorptiometry. d. polymyositis. 9. The surgical term arthrodesis is defined as a. surgical fusion of a joint. b. surgical breaking of a joint. c. incision into a joint. d. excision of a joint. 10. The condition that involves an abnormal lateral curve of the spine is a. lordosis. b. ankylosis. c. eversion. c. kyphosis. d. adduction. d. scoliosis. © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition PART II: Matching Directions: Match the term with its definition. 1. fixation a. procedure that uses radioactive dye 2. laminectomy b. fracture at an angle to the bone 3. bone scan c. muscle wasting 4. osteoarthritis d. stabilizing a broken bone while it heals 5. talipes e. tennis elbow 6. oblique f. clubfoot 7. Collé g. forms on a tendon sheath 8. atrophy h. results in degeneration of bones and joints 9. lateral epicondylitis i. wrist fracture 10. ganglion j. used to correct severe back problems PART III: Abbreviations Directions: Write the full meaning of the following abbreviations. 1. DXA 2. C2 3. RUE 4. DTR 5. OA © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 99 Chapter 4 Answer Keys Worksheet 4A Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. stiff joint joint joint sac wrist neck cartilage clavicle coccyx outer portion rib skull femur fibula humerus ilium ischium hump lamina, part of vertebra bent backwards loin mandible maxilla inner portion metacarpals metatarsals bone marrow straight bone patella child, foot pelvis 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. phalanges foot pubis radius sacrum scapula crooked, bent spine vertebra sternum synovial membrane synovial membrane ankle chest tibia ulna vertebra to bring to stretch out fibrous band fibers to bend movement muscle muscle heart muscle muscle sole of foot to revolve tendon tendon tendon 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. porous weakness action, condition movement tone Suffixes 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. to turn immature cell to surgically break stabilize, fuse slipping Prefixes 75. away from 76. toward 77. around 100 78. outward, without 79. inward, without © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Worksheet 4B Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. oste/o = bone; -cyte = cell oste/o = bone; -blast = embryonic cell articul/o = joint; -ar = pertaining to kyph/o = hump; -osis = abnormal condition scoli/o = crooked; -osis = abnormal condition orth/o = straight; -tic = pertaining to oste/o = bone; -genic = producing oste/o = bone; -malacia = softening oste/o = bone; -porosis = porous spondyl/o = vertebra; -listhesis = slipping oste/o = bone; arthr/o = joint; -itis = inflammation 12. system/o = system; -ic = pertaining to 13. arthr/o = joint; -graphy = process of recording 14. arthr/o = joint; -scopy = process of viewing inside 15. arthr/o = joint; -plasty = surgical repair 16. my/o = muscle; neur/o = nerve; -al = pertaining to 17. electr/o = electricity; my/o = muscle; -graphy = process of recording 18. a- = lack of; -trophy = development 19. pseudo- = false; hyper- = excessive; -trophic = development 20. fibr/o = fibers; my/o = muscle; -algia = pain Worksheet 4C Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. femoral patellar costal mandibular scapular 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. clavicular scoliosis radiography contracture orthotic 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. arthrocentesis craniotomy myorrhexis osteomyelitis scoliosis patellar prosthesis radiography spondylosis osteoporosis tenodynia contracture Worksheet 4D Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. fibromyalgia bradykinesia chondroplasty maxillary electromyogram orthosis synovial femoral iliac intervertebral bursitis metacarpal fibular © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 101 Worksheet 4E Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ligaments orthopedists sternum arthroclasia intracranial 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. compression fibromyalgia greenstick kyphosis reduction W C O M P R E S S I O N G S A I A L C O R H T R A T I R G M A L R C T N N Q S G Q R S I R E K Y R B K I L J E T N C D B V K H D D A S E N A N U L P P B M E Y I N E R Y C X H T C M P M S S M C Q T L R K U M O O O T A A F I D K N L M H R H I G R N O K R P V C T B P C I T H N E B J Q L R I Y K L N G T F C G B F O F K M Y I S Y N D J M P S Worksheet 4F Answer Key Solution: 102 © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Solution: Worksheet 4G Answer Key Anatomy and Physiology 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. long, short, irregular, flat compact, cortical head axial clavicle, scapula 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. synovial smooth skeletal abduction tendon 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. sternal atonia kinesiology fasciotomy electromyogram Word Building 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. chondromalacia arthrodesis intervertebral osteochondroma femoral © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 103 Matching 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. q o g a i c t y m w e s k 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. v b u f h p x j r l n d 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. tendon movement fibers muscle synovial membrane straight around tone weakness stabilize, fuse surgically break slipping 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. osteoporosis ankylosing spondylolisthesis subluxation arthroscopy claudication pseudohypertrophic electromyography tenodesis fibromyalgia Quiz 4A Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. joint wrist rib bent backwards crooked, bent inner portion bone marrow loin chest vertebra fibrous band muscle sole of foot Quiz 4B Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 104 ossification periosteum trochanter coccygeal phalanges articulation intracranial chiropractic prosthesis pathologic © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition Quiz 4C Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. skull cervical vertebrae sternum ribs thoracic vertebrae lumbar vertebrae ilium pubis ischium femur patella tibia fibula tarsals 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. metatarsals phalanges maxilla mandible scapula humerus ulna radius sacrum coccyx carpals metacarpals phalanges Quiz 4D Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. proximal epiphysis diaphysis distal epiphysis articular cartilage 5. 6. 7. 8. epiphyseal line spongy bone compact bone medullary cavity 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. osteoporosis spondylolisthesis osteoarthritis arthrography fasciitis muscular myopathy polymyositis dystonia bradykinesia hypertrophy tendinitis Quiz 4E Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. arthrodesis bursitis chondroplasty craniotomy osteoclasia synovectomy carpal iliac patellar maxillary coccygeal thoracic kyphosis © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition 105 Quiz 4F Answer Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. above elbow below knee bone density testing degenerative joint disease dual-energy absorptiometry fracture herniated nucleus pulposus nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug open reduction internal fixation rheumatoid arthritis total hip arthroplasty total knee replacement upper extremity 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. lower extremity orthopedics juvenile rheumatoid arthritis calcium first lumbar vertebra second cervical vertebra second thoracic vertebra muscular dystrophy intramuscular electromyogram deep tendon reflexes carpal tunnel syndrome 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. c d b a d 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. b i c e g Quiz 4G Answer Key Multiple Choice 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. b d c a d Matching 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. d j a h f Abbreviations 1. dual-energy absorptiometry 2. second cervical vertebra 3. right upper extremity 106 4. deep tendon reflexes 5. osteoarthritis © 2013 Pearson education, Inc. Fremgen, In-Class Activities to Accompany Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 5th Edition