Download world war ii in europe

SS6H6: The student will analyze
the impact of European
exploration and colonization on
various world regions
SS6H7: The student will explain
conflict and change in Europe to
the 21st century
*
*Explain the impact of European empire building in
Africa and Asia on the outbreak of WWI
*Describe major developments following World
War I: the Russian Revolution, the Treaty of
Versailles, worldwide depression, and the rise of
Nazism
*Explain the impact of WWII in terms of the
Holocaust, the origins of the Cold War, and the
rise of Superpowers
*Explain how the collapse of the Soviet Union led
to the end of the Cold War and German
reunification
*
* Conflict and Change: The student will understand that when
there is conflict between or within societies, change is the
result.
* Culture: The student will understand that the culture of a
society is the product of the religion, beliefs, customs,
traditions, and government of that society.
* Location: The student will understand that location affects a
society’s economy, culture, and development.
* Movement/Migration: The student will understand that the
movement or migration of people and ideas affects all
societies involved.
* Production, Distribution, Consumption: The student will
understand that the production, distribution, and consumption
of goods/services produced by the society are affected by the
location, customs, beliefs, and laws of the society.
*
*
*Imperialism is establishing
colonies in a location to start an
empire
*European countries wanted to
build empires in Africa, Asia and
the Pacific
*Europe would divide Africa at the
Berlin Conference
* This was nicknamed the “Scramble
for Africa”
*Europeans felt they needed
natural resources from these
different regions
*In 1914, World War I broke out in Europe after
the death of Archduke Ferdinand
*The war pitted the Central Powers vs. the
Allied Powers
*Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria,
Ottoman Empire
*Allied: France, England, United States, Russia,
Serbia, Belgium
*The war would last from 1914-1918, with both
sides agreeing to a cease-fire
*
*Alliances in Europe
*Countries would join forces to help if the other was
attacked
*Nationalism
*Having pride for your own country
*Militarism
*Building up armies and navies to defend your country
*Imperialism
*Empire building led to rivalries as countries fought to
claim land for their empires
*
*Europe was devastated after World War I with many dead
and a lot of destruction for the land in Europe
*The Treaty of Versailles
* This treaty ended World War I, being signed in Versailles, France in
1919.
* Germany was placed as the reason for the war
* Had to give up their land they acquired
* Accept responsibility for the war
* Reduce its army and navy
* Pay reparations to different countries
* The treaty also created the League of Nations (now United Nations)
* A group of countries that made sure that other countries would not
have a major world conflict
*
* In 1917, Russian citizens were tired of
starving, having no coal as a natural
resource and were tired from war. The
workers of Russia would overthrow the
leader, Tsar Nicholas II, and kill him. A
group of radicals called the Bolsheviks took
power in Russia. They practiced
Communism (system of government in
which government owns and controls the
economy) and were led by a man named
Vladimir Lenin. Lenin and the Bolsheviks
renamed Russia the Soviet Union and held
power until the end of the 21st century.
The Bolsheviks and Lenin were aggressive
in retaining power in the Soviet Union
*
* European economies
*Depression issues
*Property
after World War I fell into
a depression, as money
and property values
dropped and people lost
their jobs
* The economies
experienced severe
inflation, which is when
prices rise and money is
useless
damage
*Unpaid bank
loans
*Lack of trade
*Poor industry
*
*
* After World War I,
Germany’s leaders, the
Weimar Republic, faced
issues of depression, no jobs
for citizens, paying
reparations and rioting
* Adolf Hitler, the leader of
the National Socialist (Nazi)
party, took power in 1933
He said Germany was
wronged in the war and that
Aryans were the master race
of the world. Hitler became
a dictator of Germany and
he promised jobs, blamed
Jews for the problems in
Germany, organized private
armies and removed anyone
who spoke out against him
* War again broke out in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland
* The Fascist Party and Benito Mussolini also took power in Italy and aligned with
Germany
* Emperor Hirohito took power in Japan and became allies with Germany and Italy
* Germany, Italy and Japan became the Axis Powers
* The Axis Powers would battle the Allied Powers of England, France, the Soviet
Union and the United States
* The war would last until 1945, as Germany and Japan surrendered to the Allied
Powers
* Europe’s cities and economy were devastated by the war
* One of the major events during World War II was the Holocaust in Europe
* Adolf Hitler rounded up over 6 million Jews in Europe and placed them in concentration
camps
* Jews were blamed for Germany’s loss in World War I
* Jews were killed, tortured, experimented on, enslaved and beaten
* Many survivors of the Holocaust were afraid to return to Europe because of restrictions
on Jews
*
*
* After World War II, the United States
and the Soviet Union disagreed on
dividing up the land. Western Europe
was left alone, while Eastern Europe
was controlled by the Soviet Union,
who established Communist
governments. The U.S. and Soviet
Union became the two most powerful
countries in the world. The U.S. did
not like the Soviet Union imposing
Communism in the world, and both
sides began to practice militarism,
though no actual fighting happened.
This is called a “cold war.” Both the
U.S. and Soviet Union also fought over
space technology and alliances in
Africa and Asia. Because of the
Soviets’ ways, their country lost
money, had food issues, and constant
mistrusting of the government
*
* In 1991, the Soviet President, Mikal Gorbachev, and Russian
President, Boris Yeltsin, agreed to a break up of the Soviet Union
* Ukraine, Russia and Belarus agreed to end Communism
* The Soviet Union became the Russian Republic
* 15 other countries, such as Uzbekistan, Croatia, Bosnia, and
Lithuania, were created
* In 1989, the Berlin Wall, which separated East Germany and West
Germany, finally was taken down after Communism fell
* East Germany was controlled by the Communists, while West
Germany was controlled by the Allied Powers
* The wall was built to keep both sides from crossing into the other
side
* Germany was reunited in 1990 and set up with a democratic
government
*