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Full file at http://testbank360.eu/solution-manual-laboratory-manual-foranatomy-physiology-cat-version-4th-edition-w EXERCISE C2 Cat Nervous System MASTER LIST OF MATERIALS Gloves Safety glasses Dissecting tools Dissecting tray String Preserved cat TIME REQUIREMENT Preparing the Cat for Dissection: 15–20 minutes The Brachial and Sacral Plexuses: 30–45 minutes The Spinal Cord: 20–30 minutes Clean up: 15 minutes LABORATORY PREPARATION 1. Place preserved cats and large dissecting trays in the lab. Supply heavy tags for students to identify their cat. 2. Provide preservative in squeeze bottles or spray bottles for students to keep the specimens moist. 3. Set up a disposal area with a biohazard container for discarding scrap tissue. Also prep a cleaning station for washing trays and tools. TEACHING TIPS AND STUDENTS’ MISCONCEPTIONS Lab Activity 1 – Preparing the Cat for Dissection Demonstrate correct dissection technique for each tool, especially the blunt probe. Instruct students not to tear tissue during the dissection. Only cut on the specimen when it is called for in the procedures and it is verified by the dissection team that the correct structure has been selected to cut. Remind students to follow procedures carefully to open the ventral body cavity without damaging the internal organs. Monitor students during dissection and ensure that students are following safety guidelines and are correctly dissecting the specimen. Lab Activities 2 and 3 – Brachial and Sacral Plexuses Nerves are very delicate and easy to damage during dissection. Remind students to use their blunt probe to free tissues and structures away from nerves. Trace nerves into muscles before cutting deep. Remind students not to use water to moisten the specimens, it will promote Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 197 198 Instructor’s Manual for Laboratory Manual for Anatomy & Physiology, Fourth Edition bacterial growth and decay. Keep the specimen moist with the preservative. All scrap tissue must be discarded into the biohazard container. Lab Activity 4 – The Spinal Cord Carefully dissect and reflect the back muscles to expose the vertebral column. Then use bone cutters to snip the vertebral lamina to access the meninges and spinal cord. Remove a section of spinal cord and place under a dissecting microscope for students to observe Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Dissection Exercise 2: Cat Nervous System 199 EXERCISE C2 Answers to Questions LABORATORY REPORT A. Matching 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. F 6. E 7. H 8. I 9. G B. Short-Answer Questions 1. The brachial plexus of the cat is a network of intertwining cervical nerves C6, C7, and C8 and thoracic nerve T1. The plexus innervates muscles and other structures of the shoulder, forelimb, and thoracic wall. In humans, the brachial plexus involves nerves C5 – T1. 2. The three major nerves of the sacral plexus are the large sciatic nerve, the tibial nerve on the medial side of the hindlimb, and the common fibular nerve on the lateral side of the hindlimb. 3. The meningeal layers of the spinal cord are the superficial dura mater, the middle layer is the arachnoid mater, and laying on the spinal cord is the pia mater. C. Analysis and Application 1. The major nerves of the forelimb are the radial nerve that innervates the triceps brachii, the musculocutaneous nerve that controls the coracobrachial and biceps brachii muscles and the skin of the forelimb. The median nerve supplies muscles of the ventral antebrachium and forelimb, and the ulnar nerve supplies muscles of the antebrachium. 2. In the spinal cord, gray matter is central and organized into horns and the white matter is peripheral and grouped into white columns. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.