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Which response describes the behaviour of chromosomes in metaphase I and anaphase II of
meiosis?
Metaphase I
Anaphase II
A.
Chromosomes line up at the equator
Separation of homologous chromosomes
B.
Tetrads (bivalents) line up at the equator
Separation of homologous chromosomes
C.
Chromosomes line up at the equator
Separation of sister chromatids
D.
Tetrads (bivalents) line up at the equator
Separation of sister chromatids
In garden peas, the pairs of alleles coding for seed shape and seed colour are unlinked. The
allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled seeds (s). The
allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over the allele for green seeds (y).
If a plant of genotype Ssyy is crossed with a plant of genotype ssYy, which offspring
are recombinants?
A.
SsYy and Ssyy
B.
SsYy and ssYy
C.
SsYy and ssyy
D.
Ssyy and ssYy
What constitutes a linkage group?
A.
Genes carried on the same chromosome
B.
Genes whose loci are on different autosomes
C.
Genes controlling a polygenic characteristic
D.
Alleles for the inheritance of ABO blood groups
Which is not a primary function of protein molecules?
A.
Hormones
B.
Energy storage
C.
Transport
D.
Structure
Consider the metabolic pathway shown below.
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
E
If there is end-product inhibition, which product (B to E) would inhibit which
enzyme (1 to 4)?
Product
Enzyme
A.
C
4
B.
B
3
C.
B
4
D.
E
1
Which enzyme removes the RNA primer during replication?
A.
RNA primase
B.
DNA polymerase I
C.
DNA ligase
D.
Helicase
Which two colours of light does chlorophyll absorb most?
A.
Red and yellow
B.
Green and blue
C.
Red and green
D.
Red and blue
Which is not a product of the Krebs cycle?
A.
CO2
B.
NADH + H+
C.
Pyruvate
D.
ATP
The allele for red flower colour (R) in a certain plant is co-dominant with the allele for
white flowers (R’). Thus a plant with the genotype RR’ has pink flowers. Tall (D) is
dominant to dwarf (d). What would be the expected phenotypic ratio from a cross of
RR’dd plants with R’R’Dd plants?
A.
9:3:3:1
B.
50% pink 50% white, and all tall
C.
1:1:1:1, in which 50% are tall, 50% dwarf, 50% pink and 50% white
D.
3:1
What is the outcome for each of the following processes?
Spermatogenesis
Oogenesis
A.
4 gametes
4 gametes
B.
4 gametes
1 gamete and 3 polar bodies
C.
2 gametes and 2 polar bodies
2 gametes and 2 polar bodies
D.
1 gamete and 3 polar bodies
4 gametes
What happens during muscle contraction?
A.
Both actin and myosin filaments shorten.
B.
Na+ ions are taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
C.
The actin and myosin filaments slide over each other.
D.
Cross bridges remain attached to the filaments.
Which is not true of active immunity?
A.
It can be produced by exposure to a disease causing organism.
B.
It can be produced artificially.
C.
It can be produced by a virus.
D.
It can be transferred via the colostrum.
Anti-diuretic hormone has its main effect on which part of the nephron?
A.
Proximal tubule
B.
Bowman’s capsule
C.
Loop of Henle
D.
Collecting duct
Which would be an adaptation of xerophytes?
A.
Large air spaces
B.
Large numbers of stomata
C.
Hairs on the leaves
D.
Reduced roots
What is the function of Sertoli cells?
A.
They nourish sperm.
B.
They produce testosterone.
C.
They nourish interstitial cells.
D.
They form the basement membrane.
Where in the kidney does ultrafiltration take place?
A.
Glomerulus
B.
Loop of Henlé
C.
Proximal tubule
D.
Collecting ducts
Which curve shows the response of the immune system to a vaccine, followed by an
infection?
A.
B.
Level of
antibody
Level of
antibody
Time
V
Time
I
V
C.
I
D.
Level of
antibody
Level of
antibody
Time
V
I
V = Vaccination
I = Infection
What is required to form a blood clot?
I.
Platelets
II.
Clotting factors
III.
Antibodies
IV.
Fibrinogen
A.
I and II only
B.
I, II and III only
C.
I, II and IV only
D.
I, II, III and IV
Time
V
I
What accumulates in the inter-membrane space of the mitochondrion during electron
transport?
A.
ATP
B.
Electrons
C.
Protons (hydrogen ions)
D.
Oxygen
The movement of which ion initiates an action potential?
A.
Calcium
B.
Magnesium
C.
Sodium
D.
Potassium
Which structure is responsible for passing messages directly to effector organs?
What causes movement of water through the xylem?
A.
Active transport in the root tissue
B.
Evaporation of water from leaves
C.
Active translocation
D.
Gravity
The diagram below shows chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. How many
chromosomes and chiasmata are visible?
Number of chromosomes
Number of chiasmata
A.
2
2
B.
4
2
C.
2
4
D.
4
4
Fertilization, pollination and seed dispersal all occur during the reproduction of a flowering
plant. In what sequence do these processes occur?
A.
Seed dispersal
B.
Fertilization
C.
Pollination
D.
Seed dispersal
pollination
fertilization
pollination
seed dispersal
fertilization
seed dispersal
fertilization
pollination
To which parts of the deoxyribose molecule do phosphates bind in DNA?
V
CH2 OH
I
O
H
IV
H
H
H
OH
II
OH
III
A.
I and V
C.
II and III
D.
III and V
B. III and IV
H
Which of the following is a correct comparison of the bryophytes and the filicinophytes?
Bryophytes
Filicinophytes
A.
Has a waxy cuticle
No waxy cuticle
B.
Has true leaves
Has scales
C.
Has rhizoids
Has roots
D.
Has woody tissue
No woody tissue
If a person inherited an allele with the same base substitution mutation from both parents,
what sequences could be altered from normal in the person’s cells?
A.
One mRNA base sequence only
B.
Two mRNA base sequences only
C.
One mRNA base sequence and one polypeptide amino acid sequence only
D.
Two mRNA base sequences and two polypeptide amino acid sequences only
What is the role of the internal intercostal muscles during ventilation of the lungs?
A.
Increasing the pressure in the thorax
B.
Increasing the volume in the thorax
C.
Increasing the surface area of the alveoli
D.
Increasing the diameter of the bronchioles
What is the advantage of having a small volume inside the thylakoids of the chloroplast?
A.
A high proton concentration is rapidly developed.
B.
A high electron concentration is rapidly developed.
C.
Photosynthetic pigments are highly concentrated.
D.
Enzymes of the Calvin cycle are highly concentrated.
Which of the following correctly describes exocytosis?
Plasma
membrane
increases in size
Plasma
membrane is
pulled inwards
Membranes fuse
vesicles
move away
from plasma
membrane
A.
No
Yes
No
Yes
B.
Yes
No
Yes
No
C.
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
D.
No
No
No
Yes