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EOC Study Guide
1. Convert 1.38 Km to cm.
2. Convert 3.27 m to kilometers.
3. Know how to calculate the slope of a graph.
4. An airplane travels at a constant speed, relative to the ground, of 900.0 km/h. How far has
the airplane traveled after 2.0 h in the air?
5. A straight line on a graph shows that there is a(n) ____________ between the two variables.
6. The area under a velocity-time graph is equal to the object’s ___________.
7. The area under an acceleration-time graph is equal to the object’s _______.
8. A __________________shows how velocity is related to time.
9. The rate at which an object’s velocity changes over a period of time is its ______.
10. A car brakes from 25 m/s to 16 m/s in 2.0 s. What is its acceleration?
11. A ball rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. The ball starts at rest and
travels for 4.0 s before it hits a wall. How far did the ball travel before it stopped?
12. An airplane starts from rest and accelerates at a constant 3 m/s2 for 30 seconds. How far
did it move?
13. A ball rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. The ball starts at rest and
travels for 4.0 s before it hits a wall. What was the ball’s velocity just before it hit the wall?
14. Find the uniform acceleration that causes a car’s velocity to change from 32 m/s to 96 m/s in
an 8.0 second period.
15. How do you calculate your weight in Newtons?
16. The vector sum of two or more forces on an object is called the __________ force.
17. The weight force is defined as __________.
18. According to Newton’s __________ law, an object with no net force acting on it remains at
rest or in motion with a constant velocity.
19. Newton’s _________ law states that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the
net force and inversely proportional to its mass.
20. If you push against a wall, the wall pushes back against you with ________ force.
21. On Earth, a scale shows that you weigh 490 N. What is your mass?
22. How far does a car travel in 30.0 s while its velocity is changing from 13.9 m/s to 22.2 m/s at
a uniform rate of acceleration?
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EOC Study Guide
23. A car is accelerated uniformly at the rate of 0.50 m/s2 for 10 seconds. Its final velocity is
23 m/s. What is the initial velocity?
24. What is the force required to accelerate a 6.0 kg bowling ball at 2.0 m/s2 ?
25. A box with a weight of 22 N falls through the air with a wind resistance of 14 N. Calculate the
acceleration of the box.
26. Find the resultant of 25m, W and 48m, S.
27. If you walk 6.0 m North and 5.0 m East, what is your direction from your starting point?
28. A 64 N box is pulled by a rope across a rough horizontal surface. If the coefficient of kinetic
friction is 0.81, what is the magnitude of the applied force if that force is directed parallel to
the floor?
29. A 250 kg crate is pushed horizontally with a force of 900 N. If the coefficient of friction is
0.30, calculate the acceleration of the crate.
30. A box weighing 200 N is placed on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 20° with
horizontal. What is the normal force between the box and the surface of the inclined
plane?
31. If an object is not moving and you apply a force that is less than the force of static friction, the
object will __________ .
32. A box with a mass of 10 kg is at rest on a table. The normal force acting on the box is _____.
33. An ice-skater who weighs 200 N is gliding across the ice. If the force of friction is 4 N, what is
the coefficient of kinetic friction?
34. A sofa is at rest on the floor. The mass of the sofa is 150 kg and the coefficient of static
friction between the sofa and the floor is 0.30. The maximum force of static friction is
approximately_________.
35. An object shot through the air is called a(n) ______________.
36. The path of a projectile through space is called its:
37. A marble rolls off the edge of a table that is 0.734 m high. The marble is moving at a speed of
0.122 m/s at the moment that it leaves the edge of the table. How far from the table does
the marble land?
38. A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a 25.00-m cliff. The stone lands at a distance of
40.00 m from the edge of the cliff. What is the initial horizontal velocity of the stone?
39. A missile launches at a velocity of 30.0 m/s at an angle of 30.0° to the vertical. What is the
maximum height the missile attains?
40. A player kicks a football with an initial velocity of 3.00 m/s at an angle of 60.0° above the
horizontal. What is the horizontal distance traveled by the football?
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EOC Study Guide
41. Acceleration that always points towards the center of a circle is called ____________
acceleration.
42. A sprinter runs at a speed of 3.00 m/s on a circular track that has a radius of 40.00 m. Find
the centripetal acceleration of the sprinter.
43. A car moving at 12.67 m/s rounds a bend in the road. The bend is semicircular and has a
radius of 60.0 m. What is the centripetal acceleration of the car?
44. A 1.00-kg ball is attached to a string of 0.50 m and swung in a horizontal circle with a velocity
of 2.00 m/s. Find the centripetal acceleration.
45. A person walks along a moving sidewalk at a rate of 3 m/s in the same direction the sidewalk
is moving. The sidewalk moves at a rate of 2 m/s. What is the person’s velocity relative to
the ground?
46. A person walks along a moving sidewalk at a rate of 2 m/s in the opposite direction that the
sidewalk is moving. The sidewalk moves at a rate of 2 m/s. What is the person’s velocity
relative to the ground?
47. A player kicks a football at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal. The football has an initial
velocity of 20.0 m/s. Find the maximum height attained by the football.
48. A 0.50-kg ball is attached to a string of 0.50 m and swung in a horizontal circle with a velocity
of 1.0 m/s. Find the centripetal force of the ball.
49. The time needed for an object to complete one full cycle of periodic motion is the ________.
50. A system that doesn't gain or lose mass is said to be __________.
51. Two campers dock a canoe. One camper has a mass of 100.0 kg and moves forward at 3.0
m/s as he leaves the canoe to step onto the dock. With what speed do the canoe and
other camper move if their combined mass is 175.0 kg?
52. The product of mass and velocity of a moving object is defined as its __________.
53. The law of conservation of momentum states that __________ .
54. Your sister's mass is 43.5 kg, and she is riding her 8.00-kg bicycle. What is the combined
momentum of your sister and her bike if they are going 2.40 m/s?
55. A 4.75-g bullet is fired with a velocity of 120.0 m/s toward a 20.0-kg stationary solid block
resting on a frictionless surface. What is the change in momentum of the bullet if it is
embedded in the block?
56. Two freight cars, each with a mass of 2.5×104 kg collide. One was initially moving at 3.7 m/s;
the other was at rest. They stick together. What is their final speed?
57. When the net external force on a closed system is zero, it is described as __________.
58. An 82-kg male and a 48-kg female pair figure skating team are gliding across the ice at 7.4
m/s, preparing for a throw jump maneuver. The male skater tosses the female skater
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EOC Study Guide
forward with a speed of 8.6 m/s. Determine the speed of the male skater immediately after
the throw.
59. A candy-filled piñata is hung from a tree for Matthew's birthday. During an unsuccessful
attempt to break the 4.4-kg piñata, Hayden cracks it with a 0.54-kg stick moving at 4.8 m/s.
The stick stops and the piñata undergoes a gentle swinging motion. Determine the swing
speed of the piñata immediately after being cracked by the stick.
60. Ima Rilla Saari rushes to her car in order to hurry home and get dressed for work. Failing to
realize the dangers of driving under slick and icy conditions, she collides her 940-kg Mazda
Miata into the rear of a 2460-kg pick-up truck which was at rest at the light on Lake Avenue.
Ima's pre-collision speed was 12.5 m/s. Determine the post-collision speed of the two
entangled cars as they slide across the ice.
61. A 70.9-kg boy and a 43.2-kg girl, both wearing skates face each other at rest on a skating
rink. The boy pushes the girl, sending her eastward with a speed of 4.64 m/s. Neglecting
friction, determine the subsequent velocity of the boy.
Use the following targets to answer questions 62 and 63:
a)
b)
c)
d)
62. Which target represents a pattern that is precise, but not accurate?
63. Which target represents a pattern that is accurate, but not precise?
Use the following graph to answer questions 64 – 66:
velocity (m/s)
64. What is the displacement of the object from t = 0 s to t = 2 s?
65. What is the average velocity of the object from t = 0 s to t = 2 s?
66. What is the acceleration of the object from t = 2 s to t = 5 s?
67. Any motion that repeats in a regular cycle is called _____________.
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EOC Study Guide
68. According to Hooke’s law, the slope of a graph of force versus displacement for an elastic
spring represents ____________
69. What is the force acting on a spring with a spring constant of 275 N/m that is stretched
14.3 cm?
70. A mass of 30.4 g stretches a spring 0.85 m as it hangs from a spring. What is the spring
constant?
71. A 1,200-kilogram car traveling at 10. meters per second hits a tree and is brought to rest in
0.10 seconds. What is the magnitude of the average force acting on the car to bring it to
rest?
72. An object moving at a constant speed of 25 meters per second possesses 450 joules of
kinetic energy. What is the object’s mass?
73. What is the approximate kinetic energy of a 980-kilogram racecar traveling at 90 meters per
second?
74. A 50.-kilogram student threw a 0.40-kilogram ball with a speed of 20. meters per second.
What was the magnitude of the impulse that the student exerted on the ball?
75. What is the impulse required to bring a 1,000-kg vehicle moving at 25 m/s to a stop in 5.0 s?
76. In an automobile collision, a 44-kilogram passenger moving at 15 meters per second is
brought to rest by an air bag during a 0.10-second time interval. What is the magnitude of
the average force exerted on the passenger during this time?
77. A car was travelling at 35 m/s. The car hit a tree, and the crush zone in the car was only 0.40
m. What was the acceleration of the driver of the car?
78. A student applies a 20-newton force to move a crate at a constant speed of 4.0 meters per
second across a rough floor. How much work is done by the student on the crate in 6.0
seconds?
79. A person requires an impulse of 1,500 newtons times seconds to stop. What force must be
applied to the person to stop in 0.50 second?
80. On which of the following does the amount of work done against friction to slide a box in a
straight line across a uniform, horizontal floor mostly depend?
81. A 2,400-kilogram car is traveling at a speed of 20 meters per second. Compared to the
magnitude of the force required to stop the car in 12 seconds, the magnitude of the force
required to stop the car in 6.0 seconds is:
82. A 1200.0-kg car speeds up from 16.0 m/s to 20.0 m/s. How much work was done on the car
to increase its speed?
83. A 16.8-kg boy is riding in a 4.50-kg wagon. A 14.0-kg girl pushes the wagon and exerts a
constant force of 2.60 N over a distance of 3.50 m. How much work does the girl do
pushing the wagon?
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EOC Study Guide
84. A boy running on a track doubles his velocity. What happens to his kinetic energy?
85. A spring has a spring constant of 120 N/m. How much potential energy is stored in the
spring as it is stretched 0.20 m?
86. A student compresses the spring in a pop-up toy a distance of 0.020 m. If 0.068 J of energy
are stored in the toy, what is the toy’s spring constant?
87. In the question above, how much kinetic energy would the spring toy have immediately after
“popping”?
88. In the question above, if the mass of the pop-up toy is 0.008 kg, what will be the pop-up toy’s
gravitational potential energy at the peak of its rise?
89. For the question above, how high is the pop-up toy at the peak of its rise?
90. The graph below shows the relationship between the force applied to a spring and the
spring’s stretch. What is the spring constant of the spring?
91. An unstretched spring with a spring constant of 100 N/m stretches a distance of 0.40 m
when a mass is attached to the spring. The size of the mass must be of
92. A 5.0-kg stone is dropped from a bridge 40-m high. What is the weight of the stone?
93. Which graph below best represents the relationship between the force of gravity between two
masses, and the distance between those masses?
94. The ratio of an object’s weight to its mass is equal to the _______________________.
95. A 2.0-kg mass attached to a spring scale is being lifted upward with constant velocity. The
reading on the spring scale must be
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EOC Study Guide
96. Two bodies attract one another with a gravitational force of 10.0 N. What will be the force of
attraction if the mass of each body is doubled?
97. If the distance between two masses is tripled, the gravitational force between them would be:
98. A mass of 12 kg is resting on a bathroom scale sitting in an elevator as shown in the diagram
below. If the elevator is accelerating downward at 4 m/s2, which force diagram correctly
shows the forces acting on the mass?
99. In the question above, what is the apparent weight of the 12-kg mass when the elevator is
accelerating downward?
100. A 750-N man is standing on a bathroom scale in an elevator. When the elevator is moving,
the man notices that the scale is reading 780 N. Describe the motion of the elevator.
101. A woman is standing on a bathroom scale in an elevator that is accelerating upward at
1.5 m/s2. The bathroom scale reads 600 N. What is the woman’s mass?
102. A student who weighs 560 N climbs a flight of stairs that is 4 m high in 8 s. How much
power does the student need to do this?
103. An object has a mass of 8 kg. A 2.0-N force moves the mass at constant speed 3 m east,
and then 4 m back west. How much work is done moving the block?
104. To lift a roller-coaster car from rest at the bottom to rest at the top of the first hill, a force of
560 N acting parallel to hill is used. If the length of the incline is 80 m, what is the car’s
increase in gravitational potential energy?
105. A motor has a power output of 1000 W. Using this power, how much time will it take the
motor to raise a 50-N weight 100 m?
106. A roller coaster has a curve of radius 12 m at the top of a hill. If the car has a speed of 9.0
m/s at the top of the hill, what is the cars centripetal acceleration?
107. In the question above,, what would be the apparent weight of a 50-kg student riding the
roller coaster at the top of the hill?
108. A roller-coaster designer wants to add a horizontal loop to the roller coaster, but wants to
keep the maximum acceleration equal to 4 g’s or 40 m/s2. If the loop has a radius of 10 m,
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EOC Study Guide
approximately what is the maximum speed the cart can reach during the loop and not
exceed the 4-g maximum?
109. The vertical loop in a roller coaster has a radius of 15 m. At the very peak, if all the
centripetal force is provided by the force of gravity (the normal force of the track is zero),
approximately what is the minimum speed that a roller-coaster car must have at the peak of
the loop to maintain contact with the track?
110. The time required to complete one full cycle of a wave is the ______.
111. A disturbance that carries energy through matter or space is a(n) ______.
112. A wave in which the disturbance is parallel to the direction of travel is a(n) ____________.
113. The maximum displacement of a particle from equilibrium as a wave passes is called the
________________.
114. The lowest point of a transverse wave is the _________________.
115. The shortest distance between two points where the wave pattern repeats is the _______.
116. A point on a standing wave where the displacement is the largest is called the _________.
117. A(n) ______________ travels in a direction perpendicular to its displacement
118. The number of complete oscillations a wave makes each second is the _________ of the
wave.
119. The highest point of a transverse wave is the ___________.
120. __________ states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
121. The change in direction of waves at the boundary between two different media is called ___
122. When a wave encounters a boundary, the wave that strikes the boundary is called the ___.
123. _________ states that the displacement of a medium caused by two or more waves is the
algebraic sum of the displacement caused by individual waves.
124. A single disturbance or bump that travels through a medium is called a(n) __________.
125. A wave carries _________through space.
126. A mechanical wave is different from other types of waves because it requires a(n) _______.
127. A wave that moves from left to right, creating an up and down displacement of the medium,
is a(n) ______.
128. Sound waves are _______________waves.
129. A surface wave is a wave that has characteristics of ___________________.
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EOC Study Guide
130. Which part of a longitudinal wave corresponds to the trough of a transverse wave?
131. How long is a wave (wavelength) that has a frequency of 2.70x102 Hz and is moving
through copper at 3560 m/s?
132. Which wave property of sound will result in a high-pitched noise?
133. Which wave property of sound will result in a loud noise?
134. To a bystander, which property of a sound wave changes due to the Doppler Effect?
135. Pablo and Hugo live on the same street. Pablo stands in front of his house and sounds an
air horn and raises his arm at the same time. Hugo stands in front of his house and starts a
stopwatch when he sees Pablo's arm go up. He stops it when he hears the air horn. The
stopwatch shows a time of 1.2 seconds. The speed of sound is about 340 m/s. About how
far apart are their houses?
136. How is the amount of energy in a sound wave measured?
137. Which type of lens can set fire to a piece of paper in the presence of sunlight?
138. What happens to a path of a light ray parallel to the principal axis, after it passes through a
converging lens?
139. What is a line perpendicular to a surface called?
140. A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of incidence equal to 35°. What is the angle
between the incident and the reflected ray?
141. When a student looks into a plane mirror, she sees a virtual image of herself. However,
when she looks into a sheet of paper, no such image forms. Which light phenomenon
occurs at the surface of the paper?
142. Which is the name for the place where extended light rays meet for a curved mirror?
143. Materials, such as glass, in which electric charges do not move freely are called electrical
_________.
144. What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with a piece of fur, giving the rod a negative
charge?
145. When an object loses electrons, it acquires a(n) ____________________ electric charge.
146. Rubbing two objects such as plastic and wool together creates a static charge because ___
.
147. An important difference between insulators and conductors is that in conductors _______ .
148. When an electroscope is charged, its leaves spread apart because ________ .
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EOC Study Guide
149. The force that a charge qA exerts on a charge qB is opposite in direction and ________ the
force that charge qB exerts on charge qA.
150. What kind of charging occurs during a thunderstorm?
151. If a positive rod is brought near the knob of a neutral electroscope, but does not touch it,
what will occur?
152. What is the force exerted by a +2.0 μC sphere on a -3.5 μC sphere that are of 35 cm apart?
153. Two charged bodies exert a force of 86 N on each other. If they are moved so that they are
six times farther apart, what is the new force that they will exert on each other?
154. Two equally charged bodies exert a force of 90 N on each other. If one of the bodies is
exchanged for a body of the same size, but three times as much charge, what is the new
force that they will exert on each other?
155. An important difference between gravitational and electric force is that gravitational force is
always __________ .
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