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Transcript
Ecology Study Guide: Chapters 1-5 1. List and describe each step of the scientific method in the order in which they are performed. 2. What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data? Provide an example for each. 3. List and describe the 8 characteristics of life. 4. How much energy is transferred in each trophic level? List the type of consumers found in each trophic level? 5. What trend is seen in regards to the number of individuals in each trophic level?(producers to tertiary) 6. List and describe the levels of organization (ex. Biosphere, community…). 7. Explain the process of nitrogen fixation. 8. Provide a description and example for the zones of tolerance. 9. Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession. 10. Describe and provide an example for density dependent and density independent factors. 11. Define population density 12. What are the various ways in which a population is dispersed (ex. Clumped) 13. What are the four factors that affect a population’s size and composition? 14. Define biodiversity. 15. How does biodiversity affect the chances of a population going extinct? 16. Why are producers and decomposers vital to the survival of a community? 17. Draw a food web for the following organisms ( make sure the arrows are pointing in the correct direction) Algae, seaweed, fish, seagull, shark, seal, 18. How are the organisms in an ecosystem affected when a producer begins to disappear? 19. Explain the processes that occur in the following cycles: Nitrogen, Carbon & Oxygen, and H2O 20. Define carrying capacity. What factors might prevent a population from reaching its carrying capacity? 21. What are the ways in which species become extinct? How does this affect the biodiversity in an ecosystem? 22. Explain and provide an example for the following species interactions: Predation, Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism, Competition 23. What is the difference between an organism’s niche and habitat? 24. Define and provide an example of an abiotic and biotic factor. 25. Create a food chain using at least 5 organisms of your choice. 26. What is the difference between a food web and a food chain? Which one would be a better representation of various species interactions? Why? 27. What is the difference between a stimulus and response? Give an example of each. 28. Define the following two terms: biology, science. Explain the importance of each. 29. What are the four factors that affect the size of a population? Explain how each one affects the population size.