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Download Key Terms Intro to Basic + Organic Chemistry
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Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 6/28/17 1/3 CP2 KEY TERMS AND OBJECTIVES FOR Introduction to Basic and Organic Chemistry OBJECTIVES: By the end of this unit, you should be able to… 1. Match each of the key terms below to its correct definition 2. Differentiate between atomic mass and atomic number 3. Given the periodic table, be able to find the number of protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic mass and atomic number of any given element 4. Explain what “organic” means in terms of chemistry. 5. Recognize the six most common elements in organic molecules and their symbols 6. Identify the four groups of substances that make up most living things 7. Explain why carbon is so important to life on earth 8. Tell how many bonds carbon can make 9. Explain the difference between a polymer and a monomer 10. Explain the difference between a physical and a chemical change 11. Give examples of physical and chemical changes, and given an example of a change, be able to tell whether it is a physical or chemical one. SECTIONS IN BOOK: Biology: Exploring Life 4.1 – Life requires about 25 chemical elements Biology: Exploring Life 4.2 – Chemical properties are based on the structure of atoms Biology: Exploring Life 4.3 – Chemical bonds join atoms to one another Biology: Exploring Life 4.4 – Life depends on the unique properties of water Biology: Exploring Life 5.1 – Carbon is the main ingredient of organic molecules KEY TERMS: Basic Chemistry: (Chapter 4 in Biology: Exploring Life) Atom: smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element Atomic number: number of protons an atom has Chemical change / reaction: breaking of old and formation of new chemical bonds that result in new substances Compound: a substance made of two or more different elements bonded together Covalent bond: strong bond in which two atoms share electrons Electron: negatively charged particle found around the nucleus of an atom Element: simplest chemical substance Isomer: molecules made of the same atoms as each other, but they have different structures Indicator: substance that shows whether another substance is present. (example: putting iodine on a starch will turn the starch black or purple. Putting iodine on a substance that is not a starch will turn the substance light brown. Therefore, iodine indicates for starch) Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass Metabolism: collectively, all chemical reactions that happen in an organism Molecule: group of atoms held together by covalent bonds Neutron: particle that has no charge Nucleus: center of an atom, made of protons and neutrons Physical change: particles of a substance are rearranged Products: ending materials in a reaction Proton: positively charged particle Reactants: starting materials for a reaction Solution: a mixture of substances, one dissolved into the other (like Kool-Aid) Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 6/28/17 2/3 Organic Chemistry: (Section 5.1 in Biology: Exploring Life) Hydrocarbon: organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen Inorganic molecule: molecule that does not contain carbon Mono: “one” Monomer: small molecules that make up polymers Organic molecule: molecule that contains carbon Organic: contains carbon Poly: “many” Polymer: large molecule made of monomers Subunit: small part GRAPHIC ORAGANIZERS FOR CHEMISTRY OF LIFE (GENERAL) 1. List the 6 most common elements found in living things: Symbol: Element: Here is a list of only the key words so you can use it to study: Basic Chemistry: (Chapter 4 in Biology: Exploring Life) Atom Atomic number Chemical change / reaction Compound Covalent bond Electron Element Isomer Indicator Matter Metabolism Molecule Neutron Nucleus Physical change Products Proton Reactants Solution Organic Chemistry: (Section 5.1 in Biology: Exploring Life) Hydrocarbon Inorganic molecule Mono Monomer Organic molecule Organic Poly Polymer Subunit Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 6/28/17 3/3
