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Ch. 4 section 1& 2
Pgs 93-101
Name: ______________________________
1. Define Ecosystem:
2. List the 5 basic components of ecosystems:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3. The energy in most ecosystems comes from the ____________
4. True or False. If one part of an ecosystem is destroyed or changes, the entire system may be affected.
5. Define and give 2 examples of Biotic Factors:
a.
b.
6. Define and give 2 examples of Abiotic Factors:
a.
b.
7. Define Organism:
8. Define Species:
9. Define Population:
10. Define Community:
11. What determines the types of organisms in a land ecosystem?
12. Define Habitat:
13. Define Natural Selection:
14. Define Evolution:
15. Define Adaptation:
16. Define Coevolution:
17. Give an example of Coevolution:
18. Define Artificial Selection:
19. Define Resistance:
20. Explain how a population of insects could become resistant to a pesticide.
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Ch. 5 section 1:
Pg. 117-123
Name:_____________________________
1. Define Photosynthesis:
2. How is energy transferred in an ecosystem after photosynthesis takes place?
3. Define Producer (AKA______________________):
4. Define Consumer (AKA ____________________):
5. What is the source of energy for organisms that live too deep for photosynthesis to take place?
6. Define Decomposers:
7. What role to decomposers have in regard to nutrients?
8. Define Cellular Respiration:
9. Define Biological Magnification (see DDT story):
10. List how DDT amounts undergo biological magnification:
11. What does DDT do to eggshells?
12. DDT does not dissolve readily in water. If it did, how would the accumulation of the pesticide in
organisms be affected?
13. Define Food Chain:
14. Define Food Web:
15. Define Trophic Levels:
16. How much energy is lost at each transfer between trophic levels?
17. Why is it more efficient to eat lower on the food chain?
a.
b.
18. How do energy amounts affect populations?
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Ch. 5 section 2:
Pg. 124-128
Name: _____________________________
1. “Carbon is an essential component of:
a.
b.
c.
2. What 2 natural reactions (processes) are involved in the carbon cycle?
a.
b.
3. Define Fossil Fuels:
4. In what form do humans put carbon into the air?
5. What do increased levels of carbon dioxide contribute to?
6. Why do all organisms need nitrogen?
7. Why can’t organisms use the nitrogen in the atmosphere?
8. What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria do?
9. Where are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found?
10. What is the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycle?
11. If nitrogen and phosphorus are needed by ecosystems, how can excess amounts of these two be a bad
thing?
12. How do algae blooms which produce oxygen lead to a decrease in oxygen?
13. How do humans contribute to Acid Precipitation?
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Ch. 5 section 3:
Pg. 129-133
Name: ___________________________
1. Define Ecological Succession:
2. “Each new community that arises often make it….
3. Define Primary Succession:
4. Define Secondary Succession:
5. Define Pioneer Species:
6. Define Climax Community:
7. What role do forest fires play in secondary succession? (hint: read the Case Study)
8. Define Old Field Succession:
9. What 2 types of organisms combine to make up lichens?
a.
b.
10. Describe the role lichens play in primary succession.
11. Summary Question: list the steps of succession from lichens to hardwood trees.
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