Download chapters 35-39 exam review

Manolis – AP US History
Chapters 35-39 Test Review
Your test will consist of 25 multiple choice questions worth 3 points each, with one free response
essay question worth 25 points. You need to know:
-Throughout most of the 30s, the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany,
Italy, and Japan by retreating further into isolationism.
-Examples of Axis aggression during the 1930s: Mussolini’s invasion of Ethiopia, Hitler’s invasion of
Czechoslovakia, and Francisco Franco’s overthrow of the republican government in Spain.
-After Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union, Germany invaded
Poland and started World War II.
-Despite having the knowledge of what was going on in the concentration camps, the U.S. military
refused to bomb the camps because military leadership felt that it diverted essential military resources
away from the war effort.
-Japan ultimately believed it was forced to go to war with the United States due to President Franklin
Roosevelt’s insistence that they withdraw from China.
-Due to anti-Japanese prejudice and fear after the attack on Pearl Harbor, many were confined and
held in internment camps for the duration of World War II.
-In waging war in the Pacific Theatre against Japan, the United States mainly relied on the strategy of
“island hopping”.
-President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill announced at their wartime conference in
Casablanca that they would fight the Axis Powers until they surrendered unconditionally.
-The major turning point for the conquest of the Japanese in the Pacific was the Battle of Midway.
-President Roosevelt was re-elected for a 4th time in 1944 mainly due to the fact that the war effort was
going well by this time.
-Since 1945, the population has grown more in the Southern regions of the United States, known as the
sunbelt, than any other region of the country.
-Many historians / economists believe that a problem posed by the baby-boomer generation is the
major strains they will place on the social security system when they reach retirement age.
-Ultimately, the Cold War began over a disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union
over what to do with Eastern Europe after World War II.
-When the U.S., Britain, and France were denied entry into Berlin by the Soviet Union in 1948, President
Truman responded by organizing a giant airlift to deliver aid to the city.
-Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States promised to help any country threatened by the spread
of communism.
-Senator Joseph McCarthy came into prominence when he appeared on TV and began charging
American government workers with being secret communists.
-During the Civil Rights Movement, the SNCC – Student Non-Violent Coordination Committee, was
created from the “sit-in” movement that was popular with young African-American students.
-The largest public works project during President Eisenhower’s administration was the construction of
the interstate highway system.
-In the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the concept of “separatebut-equal” was declared to be unconstitutional.
-What may well have tipped the scales in favor of John F. Kennedy during the Election of 1960 were the
televised debates with Richard M. Nixon.
-American military forces entered Vietnam in order to prevent South Vietnam from falling to
communism.
-When the Soviet Union attempted to install nuclear weapons in Cuba, President Kennedy ordered a
naval “quarantine” of the island until the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles.
-By mid-1963, President Kennedy’s position on Civil Rights can best be described as committed, to
finding a solution to what he saw was a “moral issue” in the nation.
-President Lyndon Johnson’s domestic reform package was called the “Great Society”.
-The most severe blow to President Johnson’s Vietnam policy and his popularity as President was the
televised coverage of the Tet Offensive in January 1968.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Essay – Choose ONE of the following essay questions below to answer. Your essay must be at least 3
PARAGRAPHS and written on a SEPARATE sheet of paper. (25 points).
 1) What was the specific impact of television in America? Use these three historical events as an
example:
 The Kennedy / Nixon Debates
 The Civil Rights Movement
 The Vietnam War
 2) Who do you believe was responsible for the Cold War? USE HISTORICAL EXAMPLES to back
up your claim.
 3) Explain why the Civil Rights Movement became more radical and violent as the 1960s
progressed. What changes occurred in the motives, assumptions, and leadership of the
movement.