Download Unit 3 Test Review

XBIO: Chapter 9 Test Review
Genetics
Name _______________________
Date _______________
Period _____________
Question
1. Who was considered the “father of genetics”?
2. What types of plants did Mendel work with?
3. What is a specific characteristic that varies from one
individual to another?
4. What is biological inheritance or the passing of traits from
parents to their young?
5. What is the branch of biology that studies heredity?
6. What was unique about the plants that Mendel started out
with in his garden?
7. What did the offspring look like that were produced when
Mendel crossed true breeding tall plants with true breeding
short plants?
8. What does genotype refer to?
9. What are different forms of a gene called?
10. What does homozygous mean?
11. What does phenotype refer to?
12. What is a diagram that illustrates/shows the possible gene
combinations resulting from a cross?
13. If an organism has 2 different alleles for a given trait what
word describes this?
14. What are offspring called that have two different true
breeding parents?
15. What are the chemical factors that determine traits?
16. What does the Law of Dominance say?
17. What does the Law of Independent Assortment say?
18. What does the Law of Segregation say?
19. If a heterozygous individual mates with and homozygous
recessive individual – what will be the genotypic ratio of their
offspring?
20. If a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive
individual are crossed, what will be the genotypic ratios of
their offspring?
21. If a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive
individual are crossed, what will be the phenotypic ratios of
their offspring?
22. If an organism displays the dominant trait but you don’t know
whether they are homozygous or heterozygous – what type of
organism could you breed them with to find out their
genotype? What is this type of cross called?
23. If two heterozygous organisms are crossed, what will be the
genotypic ratios of their offspring?
24. If two heterozygous organisms are crossed, what will be the
phenotypic ratios of their offspring?
25. What are gametes?
26. What is a dihybrid cross?
27. What would be the genotypes of the parents that have a
ratio of 9:3:3:1 in the resulting Punnett square?
Answer
Mendel’s Laws
1. Law of Dominance
a. Definition:
b. In your own words:
c. Dominant:
d. Recessive:
2. Law of Segregation
a. Definition:
b. In your own words:
3. Law of Independent Assortment
a. Definition:
b. In your own words:
Genetic Crosses:
1. Monohybrid Crosses:
a. Genotype:
b. Phenotype:
c. Punnett Square:
d. Examples:
i. Black is dominant over brown. Fill in the following table.
Genotype
BB
Genotypic Description
Homozygous dominant
Heterozygous
Phenotype
bb
ii. Cross a homozygous black rabbit with a heterozygous rabbit.
What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios?
iii. Cross a heterozygous rabbit with a homozygous brown
rabbit. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios?
2. Dihybrid Crosses:
a. Examples:
i. Green (G) seed color is dominant to yellow (g) seed color.
Inflated (I) seeds are dominant to wrinkled (i) seeds. Cross
a homozygous green, homozygous inflated plant with a
heterozygous green, heterozygous inflated plant. What are
the phenotypic ratios?