Download BIOLOGY EOC PRACTICE TEST _1[1]

BIOLOGY EOC PRACTICE TEST #1
I, _____________________________________________, CAN and WILL score a 3 or 4 on the Biology EOC!
Directions: Answer each of the multiple choice problems. Do not write on test. Underline key information in
each question. Take time with each problem. Do not go too fast. Take this practice seriously, it will help you
pinpoint the areas you need to study. Good Luck! 
1. Which of the following contain cell walls and
chloroplasts?
A plant cells only
B plant and animal cells because they are
eukaryotes
C animal and prokaryotic cells
D prokaryotic cells only
2. Most cell membranes are composed principally
of
A DNA and ATP
B proteins and lipids
C chitin and starch
D nucleotides and amino acids
3. Sodium ions are “pumped” from a region of
lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This
process is an example of
A diffusion
B passive transport
C osmosis
D active transport
4. What is the primary purpose of cellular
respiration?
A to use sunlight to produce food molecules
B to release energy from food molecules
C to remove carbon dioxide from an
organism
D to bring oxygen to an organism
5. Which of the following is a waste product of
photosynthesis?
A carbon dioxide
B glucose
C oxygen
D water
6. Which molecule carry genetic information from
one generation to the next?
A carbohydrates
B minerals
C lipids
D nucleic acids
7. Which of the following best describes the
structure of DNA?
A a molecule shaped like a twisted ladder
B a molecule shaped like a twisted ladder
with hydrogen bonds along its backbones
and covalent bonds between the base pairs
on the “rungs”
C a molecule shaped as a single twisted
strand
D a molecule shaped as a twisted ladder
with covalent bonds along its backbones and
hydrogen bonds between the base pairs on
the “rungs”
8. For what reason is DNA replicated within a cell?
A to add more traits to a living organism as
it ages
B to fill increased space within the nucleus
of a growing cell
C to change the traits of a living organism
to meets its needs in a new environment
D to provide new cells with a complete and
identical copy of genetic material
9. A horse zygote has 64 chromosomes. How
many chromosomes does the horse zygote receive
from its mother?
A 64
B 21
C 32
D 128
10. Clown fish have more genetic variation than
flatworms. What accounts for this difference?
A fish reproduce sexually and flatworms
reproduce asexually
B fish reproduce asexually and flatworms
reproduce sexually
C fish live in the water and flatworms do
not
D fish cells do not go through mitosis
11. Scientists have completed the main phase of the
Human Genome Project. What have they
accomplished with this project?
A They created a single pedigree for every
genetic disorder
B They used a single cell from one
organism to create an identical organism
C They created DNA synthetically in a
laboratory
D They identified the sequences of base
pairs in human DNA
12. Transcription of the DNA sequence below:
AAGCTGGGA
would most directly result in which of the following:
A a sequence of three amino acids, linked
by peptide bonds
B a DNA strand with the base sequence
TTCGACCCT
C a mRNA strand with the sequence
TTCTGACCCT
D a mRNA strand with the sequence
UUCGACCCU
13. What is true about any two normal gametes
from a human male parent?
A Each has a diploid number of
chromosomes.
B They can combine to form a new
organism.
C Their chromosomes are exactly the same.
D They have the same number of
chromosomes.
14. Albinism is a genetic mutation that results in
some animals being born without the enzyme that
produces the pigment for skin and eye color. Which
of the following best explains this mutation?
A The DNA failed to replicate.
B The deoxyribose sugar become separated
from the DNA.
C The genetic code change cause the wrong
protein to form.
D The RNA necessary to produce proteins
was not present.
15. A student has cystic fibrosis, a genetic
condition caused by the presence of a homozygous
recessive gene. What could be her parent’s
genotypes for the cystic fibrosis trait?
A Her father is homozygous dominant; her
mother is homozygous recessive.
B Her father is heterozygous; her mother is
homozygous dominant.
C Her father is homozygous dominant; her
mother is homozygous dominant.
D Her father is heterozygous; her mother is
homozygous recessive.
16. Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A endoplasmic reticulum
B ribosome
C nucleus
D mitochondria
17. Red-green colorblindness is sex-linked
recessive trait in humans. A color-blind woman and
a man with normal vision have a son. What are the
chances that the son is colorblind? If the parents
ever have a daughter, what is the chance that she
will be color-blind?
A 100%, 0%
B 50%, 0%
C 100%, 100%
D 50%, 100%
18. Karyotype analysis is
A a means of detecting and reducing agents
that cause mutations.
B a surgical technique that separates
chromosomes that have failed to move
properly during meiosis II.
C used in prenatal diagnosis to detect
chromosomal mutations or abnormalities in
embryos.
D a process that substitutes normal alleles
for defective ones.
19. ________________________________ carries
amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are
linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide.
A mRNA
B tRNA
C intron
D rRNA
20. The snowshoe rabbit has white fur in winter
and dark fur in summer. What is the main
advantage of this fur change to the rabbit?
A The dark fur keeps the rabbit from
getting sunburned in summer.
B The white fur absorbs more sunlight so
the rabbit is warmer is winter.
C The fur color makes the animal blend
better with its environment so that a predator
is not as likely to see it.
D The white fur is more valuable to fur
trappers, so the animal will be trapped and
better fed in winter.
21. Which could be considered biochemical
evidence of an evolutionary relationship?
A absence of vestigial structures
B presence of embryonic gill slits
C similar anatomical structures
D presence of identical proteins
22. Deer share the open plains with other grazing
animals and predators. Which of the following
would lead to a decrease in the deer population?
A a reduction in the predator population
B an increase in the number of other
grazing animals
C a reduction in the grazing animal
population
D an increase in restrictions on the hunting
of deer
23. Which interaction best illustrates the concept of
mutualism?
A aphids feeding on rose leaves
B nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules of
legumes
C infectious bacteria living on the blood of
a host
D wolves and arctic foxes feeding on
snowshoe rabbits
24. Producers are single and multicellular
organisms, such as algae and flowering plants, that
make their own food. How do these organisms
produce their own food?
A They fix nitrogen from the atmosphere
B They consume other producers
C They exchange RNA with other
organisms
D They convert sunlight into chemical
energy
25. In general, which trophic level has the most
energy available to it?
A producer
B primary consumer
C secondary consumer
D tertiary consumer
26. Which statement describes why pesticides are
said to “move up the food chain?”
A Pesticides have a greater effect on larger
animals than on insects.
B Top predators often accumulate the
pesticides contained in the bodies of their
prey.
C Birds and predatory mammals are not
affected by pesticides.
D Pesticides kill insects and other target
pests before they can absorb the poison.
27. Which statement best distinguishes aerobic
from anaerobic respiration?
A Only aerobic respiration involves
fermentation.
B Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the
mitochondria.
C Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
D Only anaerobic respiration
produces carbon dioxide.
28. Some flowers show incomplete dominance. If
RR = white and R1R1 = red, which phenotypic ratio
would be expected in the offspring of two pink
flowers?
A 1 red: 2 pink: 1 white
B 0 red: 4 pink: 0 white
C 3 red: 0 pink: 1 white
D 4 red: 0 pink: 0 white
29. What is the difference between glucose and
glycogen?
A Glucose is a carbohydrate and
gylcogen is found in lipids
B Glucose is a simple carbohydrate and
glycogen is a complex carbohydrate
C Glucose provides long term energy
while glycogen provides quick energy.
D Only glycogen is produced during
photosynthesis.
30. The chart below describes 4 compounds. What
is another characteristic of the compounds in class
B?
Class of Compound
A
B
C
D
Characteristic
Has glycerol as a building block
Contains both acid groups and
amino groups.
Formed from subunits containing
a nitrogenous
base, a phosphate, and ribose
Includes sugars and starches
A They are composed of basic subunits
know as nucleotides.
B Includes chemical compounds such
as cellulose, glucose, and glycogen.
C They transfer amino acids to
ribosomes during protein synthesis.
D They include chemical compounds
such as insulin and hemoglobin
31. Blue is dominant to green. Two heterozygous
parents are crossed. What would be the ratio of
blue to green offspring?
A 2:1
B 1:2:1
C 3:1
D 1:3
32. Which of the following is a function of proteins?
A storing energy
B storing waste
C growth and repair
D breaking chemical bonds
33. The burning of fossil fuels is causing an
increase in which of the following?
A atmospheric oxygen
B atmospheric nitrogen
C atmospheric carbon dioxide
D atmospheric phosphate
34. A student identifies an unknown cell as being
eukaryotic. Which of the following did she most
likely identify in order to draw this conclusion?
A nucleus
B cell wall
C chloroplasts
D cell membrane
35. What is an ecosystem composed of?
A all the members of one species
B the biotic and abiotic factors in an
environment
C all the members of a species living in the
same area
D the biotic factors in an environment