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U. S. History Spring Exam Review
Matching
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Neutrality Proclamation
b. Jay’s Treaty
c. Kentucky and Virginia resolutions
d. Whiskey Rebellion
e. Judiciary Act
C
B
E
A
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
claimed that states can judge whether a law is constitutional
called for Britain to pay damages for seized American ships
called for one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices on the Supreme Court
declared that the United States would not support either side in the war in Europe
called for a protest against taxes by backcountry farmers
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Battle of Shiloh
b. Battle of Chancellorsville
c. Battle of Fredericksburg
B
A
C
6. General Jackson’s last battle
7. one of the bloodiest Civil War battles
8. one of the worst defeats for the Union
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Battle of Lake Erie
b. Battle of New Orleans
c. Battle of Tippecanoe
d. Marbury v. Madison
B
C
A
D
9.
10.
11.
12.
conflict fought after the War of 1812 ended
conflict that white settlers celebrated as a major victory
conflict that resulted in victory despite poor preparation
conflict that resulted in establishing judicial review
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. fugitive
b. martyr
c. Border Ruffian
A
B
C
13. runaway person
14. one who sacrifices his or her own life for beliefs
15. proslavery person who rode from Missouri to Kansas to battle antislavery forces
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. capitalist
b. Lowell girl
c. creole
C
B
A
16. someone born in Latin America to Spanish parents
17. someone who worked in the mills and returned home to marry
18. someone who invests to make a profit
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Nonintercourse Act
b. Pinckney Treaty
c. Treaty of Greenville
d. Treaty of Ghent
B
A
C
D
19.
20.
21.
22.
allowed shipment of American goods on the Mississippi
allowed all trade except with Britain and France
allowed Americans’ land claims in part of present-day Ohio
allowed restoration of pre–War of 1812 conditions
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. suffrage
b. nullification
c. spoils system
d. majority
e. kitchen cabinet
C
D
B
A
E
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs
number equal to more than one-half
act of canceling a law
right to vote
group of unofficial presidential advisers
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. neutrality
b. frigate
c. faction
d. national debt
e. Cabinet
C
B
E
A
D
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
party or group that is split because of differences
ship that sails fast and has many guns
group of department leaders who serve the President
decision not to take sides in a war
total amount of money that a government owes to others
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. trade union
b. artisan
c. nativist
C
A
B
33. group that wanted laws to limit immigration
34. organization of workers
35. skilled worker
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. amnesty
b. black code
c. poll tax
d. segregation
B
D
A
C
36.
37.
38.
39.
law severely limiting rights of freedmen
Legal separation of races
government pardon
fee paid to vote
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. depression
b. mudslinging
c. nominating convention
d. caucus
B
D
C
A
40.
41.
42.
43.
use of insults to attack an opponent’s reputation
private meeting during which powerful party members pick candidates
meeting of delegates from all states to choose a party’s candidates
period of declining business profits and lost jobs
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. refuge
b. rendezvous
c. siege
C
A
B
44. attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort
45. place where one is safe from persecution
46. place where people meet
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. freedman
b. carpetbagger
c. sharecropper
d. scalawag
D
47. term for a white southern Republican
C
A
B
48. person who rented and farmed a piece of land
49. former slave
50. term for northerner who went to the South after the Civil War
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 51. Which of the following is an example of popular sovereignty?
a. In 1836, Arkansas becomes a slave state because it is south of Missouri.
b. In 1849, California voters approve a state constitution that bans slavery.
c. In 1837, Michigan becomes a free state because it is north of Missouri.
____ 52. Which of the following was a reason why President Monroe announced the Monroe Doctrine?
a. to protect Latin American republics from European attack
b. to provoke a war with Great Britain
c. to gain possession of Florida
____ 53. Which action BEST reflects Jefferson’s determination to reduce the size and power of the federal
government?
a. He cut the federal budget.
b. He continued to pay state debts from federal funds.
c. He allowed many Federalists to keep their government jobs.
____ 54. What effect did Abraham Lincoln’s election in 1860 have on national unity?
a. It healed the nation’s political divisions.
b. Several southern states seceded in protest.
c. It caused the South to declare war on the North.
____ 55. What did the Amnesty Act do?
a. It restored southern states to the Union.
b. It gave African Americans the right to a fair trial.
c. It allowed southern African Americans to vote.
d. It restored the vote to most white southerners.
____ 56. Who would have said that railroad competition would cause them to lose money?
a. telegraph investors
c. factory owners
b. canal investors
____ 57. How did African Americans in the Union Army contribute to the war effort?
a. They served only as laborers throughout the war.
b. They fought alongside white soldiers from the beginning.
c. They fought in major battles by 1863.
____ 58. Henry Clay’s American System failed because
a. the Supreme Court ruled that the American System was unconstitutional.
b. Congress would not fund new roads, bridges, and canals.
c. Congress lowered tariffs.
____ 59. What did temperance groups view as the most serious social problem of the 1800s?
a. shortage of mental hospitals
c. alcohol abuse
b. overcrowded schools
____ 60. Which statement describes the experiences of free African Americans in the South?
a. They encouraged slaves to rebel.
b. States limited their rights.
____ 61.
____ 62.
____ 63.
____ 64.
____ 65.
____ 66.
____ 67.
____ 68.
____ 69.
____ 70.
____ 71.
____ 72.
____ 73.
c. Slave owners forced them to move to other states.
Which of the following was a characteristic of the new politics reflected in the campaign of 1840?
a. Both parties competed for voters by holding rallies.
b. Both parties cooperated in the interest of national unity.
c. Candidates focused on their war records to appeal to voters.
Which statement BEST illustrates the South’s dependence on the North?
a. Northerners bought manufactured goods from southern factories.
b. Northern manufacturers borrowed money from southern banks to buy raw materials.
c. Southern planters borrowed money from northern banks to buy farm tools.
Which group would have benefited MOST from Thomas Gallaudet’s reform efforts?
a. the mentally ill
c. debtors
b. people with disabilities
What new political party of the 1830s attracted former supporters of John Quincy Adams?
a. Republicans
c. Whigs
b. Democrats
Why did President Jackson believe that the Bank of the United States was unconstitutional?
a. He thought that states should charter banks.
b. He thought that the Bank sacrificed the needs of the wealthy.
c. He believed that pet banks had too much power.
What victory did organized factory workers gain in 1842?
a. higher wages
c. training programs
b. right to strike
Which of the following summarizes army life during the Civil War?
a. Combat was deadly, but infection and disease were greater threats.
b. Combat technology had improved, but casualties were uncommon.
c. Weapons and ammunition were primitive, and casualties were rare.
d. Combat was deadly, but medical facilities and treatment were advanced.
Which of the following statements about water transportation is TRUE?
a. Steamboats allowed farmers to ship goods more quickly and cheaply.
b. It was too expensive for merchants to ship goods by steamboat.
c. Steamboats experienced few operational problems.
What was a central influence on the styles of American painters before 1800?
a. the abolition of slavery
c. European painting traditions
b. frontier life
Which of the following did BOTH the South and the North experience during the Civil War?
a. inflation
c. economic ruin
b. increased industrial production
How was Texas admitted to the Union?
a. Sam Houston forced Mexico to give Texas to the United States.
b. Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty.
c. Mexico sold Texas to the United States.
At what battle did Texans defeat Santa Anna and win independence?
a. the Alamo
c. Gonzales
b. San Jacinto
Which of the following is an example of judicial review?
a. The Supreme Court rules that a new law violates the Constitution.
b. Congress votes to approve a Supreme Court appointment.
c. A newspaper editorial criticizes a Supreme Court decision.
____ 74. How did the work of Civil War nurses change employment opportunities for women in American society?
a. The outstanding performance of nurses earned praise, but nursing careers remained closed
to women.
b. Women who wished to become doctors no longer faced discrimination.
c. The outstanding performance of nurses opened up new employment opportunities for
women.
____ 75. Which of the following individuals served as a Confederate nurse during the Civil War?
a. Clara Barton
c. Dorothea Dix
b. Sally Tompkins
____ 76. Which statement BEST describes a major result of the Whiskey Rebellion?
a. The new government halted the production of whiskey.
b. The new government proved too weak to respond in times of crisis.
c. People realized that the new government would not tolerate violent protests.
____ 77. Which generalization can be made about the rise of Latin American nations?
a. Spanish colonies generally had to win independence through revolution.
b. Spain gradually gave up control of its Latin American colonies.
c. Under Spanish rule, Native Americans generally had equal rights and opportunities.
____ 78. How did the United States and Britain settle their dispute over Oregon?
a. The United States and Britain agreed to divide the land.
b. The United States seized the land with military force.
c. The United States bought the territory from Britain.
____ 79. How did the Civil War begin?
a. Confederate troops attacked federal forts off the coast of Florida.
b. Federal troops attacked Fort Sumter, South Carolina.
c. Confederate troops attacked Fort Sumter, South Carolina.
____ 80. Which of the following statements describes the Industrial Revolution?
a. It depended largely on the development of the factory system.
b. It occurred because of years of planning in the United States in the mid-1700s.
c. It took place mostly in rural areas among farmers.
____ 81. Which American leader believed that the violence of the French Revolution was justified?
a. Thomas Jefferson
c. John Adams
b. Alexander Hamilton
____ 82. Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Lewis and Clark expedition?
a. a map showing a route to the Pacific Ocean
b. increased knowledge about plant and animal life in the West
c. immediate settlement of western lands by pioneers
____ 83. How did southern Conservatives resist Reconstruction?
a. They resorted to violence against African Americans and white Republicans.
b. They closed the recently opened public schools.
c. They stopped producing agricultural goods for the North.
d. They tried to secede from the Union again.
____ 84. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Reconstruction governments?
a. Corruption among state officials was rare during Reconstruction.
b. Reconstruction governments neglected the education of white children.
c. Reconstruction governments lowered state taxes.
d. Corruption among state officials angered white southerners.
____ 85. What new political party of the 1830s attracted supporters of Andrew Jackson?
a. National Republicans
c. Democrats
b. Whigs
____ 86. What directly led to eight states passing “Maine Laws” after 1851?
a. the growth of public schools
c. the Second Great Awakening
b. the temperance movement
____ 87. Which adjective BEST describes Lincoln’s goals for peace?
a. vengeful
c. weak
b. unrealistic
d. forgiving
____ 88. Who would have been hurt by a law requiring Yankee traders to be escorted through the Mediterranean Sea
by navy ships?
a. Barbary pirates
c. French merchant ships
b. Chinese and Indian merchants
____ 89. Why did Andrew Jackson accuse Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams of making a “corrupt bargain” in the
election of 1824?
a. Clay and Adams ignored the election process established by the Constitution.
b. Adams agreed to appoint Clay Vice President.
c. Clay persuaded House members to vote for Adams.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
Felix Grundy, speaking in Congress,
December 1811
“This war [of 1812], if carried on successfully,
will have its advantages.”
____ 90. Which person is most likely to have agreed with this statement?
a. Henry Clay
c. John Quincy Adams
b. John Randolph
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 91. What battle was fought at the location labeled A on the map?
a. Vicksburg
c. Atlanta
b. Gettysburg
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
from the memoir of a free African
American living in the North
“We went every day . . . with our books
wrapped in paper to prevent the police
or white persons from seeing them.”
____ 92. The speaker probably wanted to hide the books because
a. he could not read.
b. the police would think the books were stolen.
c. African Americans were not permitted to go to school.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 93. Which of the following fits under Both in the diagram?
a. were often mistreated
c. led easy lives
b. built missions
____ 94. Which of the following could be printed in the California Under Spanish Rule section of the diagram?
a. had a great deal of freedom
c. were given land to farm
b. worked on missions
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
Senator William L. Marcy, 1832
“To the victor belong the spoils.”
____ 95. What does the word spoils mean in this context?
a. elected office
c. earned benefits
b. left-overs
____ 96. Which of the following is the BEST interpretation of the above quotation?
a. A new President can reward his supporters with government jobs.
b. Political parties should choose candidates by holding conventions.
c. A new President allows most government employees to keep their jobs.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
Thomas Jefferson, 1798
“They have brought into the lower house a sedition
bill, which . . . undertakes to make printing certain
matters criminal. . . . Indeed this bill and the alien bill
both are so [against] the Constitution as to show they
mean to pay no respect to it.”
____ 97. Which of the following officially challenged the bills referred to in this quote?
a. certain states
c. the Treasury
b. Thomas Jefferson
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 98. Which of the following statements is supported by the information on the graph?
a. Irish and German immigration first increased and then fell between 1840 and 1860.
b. Irish and German immigration constantly fell between 1840 and 1860.
c. Irish and German immigration constantly increased between 1840 and 1860.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 99. How did the election results in 1796 reflect growing political tensions in the United States?
a. Protective tariff supporters were in the South.
b. National bank supporters were in the South.
c. Pro-British voters were in the North.
APPLYING MAIN IDEAS
____ 100. What effect did the war have on BOTH regions?
a. financial system wrecked
c. economy disrupted
b. central government disbanded