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The Nature of History: Terms/ Concepts
AD/ BC/ BCE/ CE/ BP
Archaeology
Artifact
dendrochronology
Excavation/ dig
fossil
history
human geography
inorganic remains
Organic remains
Palaeontology
Physical geography
Pre-history
radio-carbon/
carbon- 14
strata
Stratigraphy
thermolominescence
 Primary and secondary sources
 What methods does an archaeologist use and when?
 What is the role of archaeology in the study of history?
Human Development: Terms/ Concepts
“Origin of Species”
evolution
adaptation
heredity
Ardipithecus Ramidus
Hominid
Australopethicus Afarensis
Homo erectus
Bipedalism
Homo habilis
Chance mutation
Homo Neanderthalensis
Charles Darwin
Homo sapiens sapiens
creation story
Laetoli Beds
Cro-magnon
Lithos
Cultural epoch
Mary Leaky
Donald Johansson
Mesolithic
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What factors are common in many creation stories?
Why is historical context important to consider when examining creation stories?
Explain in detail Darwin’s theory of evolution. How did he influence our perception of the past?
What are the 2 theories that explain the development of tools?
Why is bipedalism so important in human development?
Explain the concept that human evolution happened from the ground up.
Why was the discovery/ control of fire significant? How did it impact human development?
Compare Neanderthals and Humans in terms of physical features and technology.
What are the theories about the disappearance of Neanderthals?
Explain the characteristics of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic ages.
Using at 3 hominid species, explain the development of tools.
What are the three metal ages? Why are they significant?
Early River Civilizations: Terms/ Concepts
Age of Metals
Epic of Gilgamesh
Agricultural Revolution
Euphrates
Akkad/ Akkadians
Fertile Crescent
Assyria
Hammurabi
Babylonia
Hittites
Catal Huyuk
Irrigation
Chaldeans
Jericho
City-state
Jordan
“Cradle of Civilization”
“Land Between the Rivers”
Cubit
Levee
Cuneiform
Mesopotamia
Divination
Neolithic Revolution
Edubba
Nomadic/ sedentary
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monotheism
natural law
natural pressure
natural selection
Neolithic
Paleolithic
polytheism
Scopes Trial
survival of the fittest
Pictogram
Polytheistic
Sargon I
Scribe
Seed plow
Shaduf
Stylus
Sumer
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Standard of Ur
Tigris
Ziggurat
The Great Leap Forward- What does this mean?
Why was there a shift from hunting and gathering to farming?
Map work- see map of Ancient Mesopotamia in your binder
The impact of geography upon the Mesopotamians
Reasons why early farmers settled in river valleys
Fertile Crescent/ Cradle of Civilization
Pros and cons of the Neolithic Revolution (Agricultural Revolution) refer to article “The Worst Mistake in
the History of the Human Race?”
Explain the 3 levels of industry as applied to the development of villages, towns and cities.
Feature of a civilization (7)
Examples of first cities (ie: Jordan, Jericho, Catal Huyuk)
Sumerian accomplishments
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Explain the social structure/ hierarchy in Mesopotamian civilizations
Explain the role and significance of scribes in Mesopotamia
Timeline of various rulers/dominant groups in Mesopotamia
Hammurabi’s laws/ Analysis of laws
Babylonian Society and Accomplishments
Ancient Egypt: Terms/ Concepts
Akhenaton
Ankh
Anthropomorphic
Ba
Djoser
Hatshepsut
Hieratic/ demotic script
Imhotep
Jean Francois Champollion
Ka
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Scribe
Sneferu
The Empire Age
The Hyksos
The pyramid age
The Rosetta Stone
The Sphinx
Thutmose II
Thutmose III
Tutankhamen
The Gift of the Nile- explain this concept clearly with good examples
The importance of geography
Map work- see map of Ancient Egypt in your binder
The three seasons in Ancient Egypt based upon the Nile
The Ages of Egyptian history
Significant Pharaohs and their most notable accomplishment (s)
Egyptian social structure: pyramid
3 powers of governing/ structure of government
Pyramids- all types we covered and who built them
How was a pyramid built?
Daily life in Egypt (Status of women, Children, Marriage, Soldier, Scribe)
General beliefs about gods
The importance of the afterlife
Role of priests
Process of mummification
Funeral practices: Opening of the Mouth and Weighing of the Heart ceremonies
Hieroglyphics: 4 stages of writing
Art: conventions
Science :Math, Medicine, Astronomy, Time
Ancient Greece: Terms /Concepts
Acropolis
Agamemnon
Asia Minor
Athens
Attica
Bronze Age
Colonization
Dark Ages
Darius
Delphi
Democracy
Dorians
Fresco
Heinrich Schliemann
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Khufu
Ma’at
Mastaba
Menes/ Narmer
Middle Kingdom
monotheism
New Kingdom
Old Kingdom
Pharaoh
Ramses II
Homer
Hoplite
King Minos
Knossos
Linear A & B
Marathon
Militarism
Minoan
Minotaur
Monarchy
Mycenae
Oligarchy
Oracle
Ostracism
Peloponnesus
Persians
Polis/ city states
Sparta
Thera
Trireme
Trojan horse
Trojan War
Tyranny
Xerxes
Zeus
Geography and its impact on the Greeks- Map work!!
Minoans (geography, origins, trade, mythology, palaces, writing, art, activities, invasion)
Mycenaeans (Troy, culture, origins, demise)
Dark Ages (migration, Dorian invasion, loss of writing etc.)
Homer (Iliad, Odyssey, Homeric Age, heroes and history)
Factors that contributed to Greek unity (language, shared history, shared religion, Olympics)
Life in Athens/ Sparta (education, government, trade, slavery, childhood, status of women. Citizenship)
Persian Wars (causes and effects)
 Peloponnesian War(causes and effects)