Download Chapter 4 Section 1 Worksheet

Chapter 4 Section 1 Worksheet
1.
Scientifically, we would say that when particles move from areas of greater
concentration to areas of lower concentration ___________ has occurred. This
process does not require energy expended by the cell.
2.
_____________ is the process by which water disperses from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
3.
Embedded within the cell membrane, you will find some _________ that act as
passageways into and out of the cell.
4.
In __________ ___________, the particles travel from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration by way of the embedded protein.
This does not require the cell to expend energy.
5.
In ___________ ____________, the particles flow in the opposite direction of
diffusion. In other words, the embedded proteins transport the particles from
lower concentration to areas of higher concentration. This requires the cell to
expend energy (ATP).
6.
_______________ has occurred when the cell membrane surrounds the large
particle and encloses it to form a vesicle. The vesicle is “pinched off” inside the
cell to be used.
7.
________________ has occurred when a large particle must be removed from the
cell. In ______________, the vesicles are formed at the endoplasmic reticulum or
the golgi complex to carry the particles out of the cell.
Review on your own:
1). what is diffusion? 2). what is Osmosis? 3) How do cells take in large materials
into the cell? 4). How do cells remove large particles from the cell? 5). Explain
passive and active transport.
Chapter 4 Section 2 Worksheet
1. Nearly all the energy for all life comes from the sun. Plants and some algae are
able to capture this light energy and convert it into food through the process of
_______________.
2. Plants have molecules that are able to capture the energy of sunlight. These
special molecules are called ___________. ________________ is the molecule
that can capture the sun’s energy and use the energy in the production of ATP.
The chlorophyll is located in structures called ______________.
3. 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy - C6H12O6 + 6O2 is the chemical equation or
formula for __________________.
4. When our cells are consuming food in the form of glucose and breaking it down
into carbon dioxide and water and releasing energy, _______________
______________ is occurring.
5. Glucose + Oxygen  Water + Energy (ATP) is the formula for
_______________ _______________.
6. The partial breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen is a type of cellular
respiration better known as _______________________.
7. ________________ is also used to produce alcohol products. Yeast is added to
some form of sugar and as the yeast break down the glucose they give off carbon
dioxide and produce ethanol.
Chapter 4 Section 3 Worksheet
1. Before cells can divide to produce new cells, they must make copies of their
_________.
2. The DNA is in the form of structures called ____________________.
3. Recall that bacteria do not have a __________ and the _____ is in an oval pattern
and is not complex.
4. The process by which bacteria cells divide is known as ______________
________________.
5. The first stage of eukaryotic cell division involves the cell _____________ and
copying ______________ and chromosomes.
6. The second stage of eukaryotic cell division involves the __________ separating.
7. When the chromosomes separate, the process is known as _________.
8.
During the third stage of the cell cycle, the cell divides and forms two
________________ cells.
9. This is the phase before mitosis begins. During this phase, all of the DNA and
organelles are copied and the cell is preparing itself to enter the mitosis phases.
_______________________
10. Mitosis Phase 1: During _______________, the DNA begins to “twist” together
and darken within the cell. (Imagine tiny, thin fibers twisting. These fibers will
become thicker, shorter and more visible. This is similar to what the DNA or
chromosomes are doing during prophase). The nuclear membrane breaks apart
and organelles known as centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. A “spindle”
made of protein fibers is formed between the two centrioles.
11. During ________________ (phase 2), the chromosomes line up on the spindle of
the cell and are located at the equator of the cell.
12. During ____________(phase 3) the spindle fibers begin to shorten and the
chromosomes attached to the spindle begin to move away from the equator with
one pair of chromosomes moving toward the poles or to the centriole location.
13. During ___________________ (phase 4) the cell begins to divide into two cells.
Close to the equator of the cell, the cell begins to “pinch inward. This area is
called the cleavage furrow. This is the location where new cell membranes will be
forming for each cell. Now mitosis has completed and we must discuss the last
phase of cell division.
14. During ________________, the cytoplasm divides and the new cell membranes
completely form and the result is two identical cells called daughter cells. These
cells are genetically the same as the original cell that we started with. At this point
the new cells are starting their life cycle or cell cycle.
15. Recall: Plant cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane. During
________________ in plant cells, instead of a new cell membrane forming at the
cleavage furrow, a ________ ___________ is formed. The cell plate will form
the cell membrane of the two new plant cells. After this, a cell wall will form
between the two membranes to complete cell division of the plant cell.