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Transcript
Macromolecule Carbohydrates Monomer Sugars Saccharides Chemical Composition Function *(CH2O)n* Stores energy Or C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio. Plants convert sun’s Ex glucose: C6H12O6 energy into glucose, 5 or 6 carbon rings which we digest and use for energy Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides Lipids *Mostly C and H* Fatty Acids -- Long chains of carbon surrounded by hydrogens. Structural support (cellulose in plants – humans can’t break down cellulose, but cows can. That’s why they eat grass and we don’t!) Energy Storage Steroids Waterproof coating Most of the lipids we ingest are called Triglycerides, which is a Glycerol connected to 3 fatty acid chains. Proteins Nucleic Acids Amino Acids Nucleotides If one fatty acid chain is replaced by a phosphate, it becomes a phospholipid – essential in cell membranes! *C, H, O, N, and sometimes S Long chains of amino acids which bend and fold into complex shapes due to hydrogen bonding – pleats, and helixes. C, H, O, N, and P Cell membrane Transportation of substances, Speed up reactions, Structural support, Hormones DNA and RNA Stores and transmits genetic information Codes for the building of proteins