Population
... Darwin’s Ideas Updated •Change Within Populations Natural selection causes the frequency of certain alleles in a population to change over time. •Species Formation Under certain conditions, change within a species due to reproductive isolation can lead to new species. •The Tempo of Evolution Gradual ...
... Darwin’s Ideas Updated •Change Within Populations Natural selection causes the frequency of certain alleles in a population to change over time. •Species Formation Under certain conditions, change within a species due to reproductive isolation can lead to new species. •The Tempo of Evolution Gradual ...
DARWIN - StudyDaddy
... change can change in size, color or resistance to environmental conditions. This small change can lead to existence an entire different species for example apes can turn into humans. According to Darwin changes can occur due to random genetic changes that can result into an organism in the populatio ...
... change can change in size, color or resistance to environmental conditions. This small change can lead to existence an entire different species for example apes can turn into humans. According to Darwin changes can occur due to random genetic changes that can result into an organism in the populatio ...
Why city evolution? How is evolution different from development
... selection (1859). Darwin’s contribution to the theory of evolution was to realise that the mechanism for the evolution of species was natural selection by adaption to the environment. Species evolve because some individuals within the species are better adapted to their environments than others. Evo ...
... selection (1859). Darwin’s contribution to the theory of evolution was to realise that the mechanism for the evolution of species was natural selection by adaption to the environment. Species evolve because some individuals within the species are better adapted to their environments than others. Evo ...
growth of big business during the gilded age
... Social Darwinism • Society should allow the weak and less fit to fail and die, and that this is not only good policy, but morally right. • Poor people, or disadvantaged minorities must have deserved their situations because they were “less fit” than those who were better off. • Spencer’s publicatio ...
... Social Darwinism • Society should allow the weak and less fit to fail and die, and that this is not only good policy, but morally right. • Poor people, or disadvantaged minorities must have deserved their situations because they were “less fit” than those who were better off. • Spencer’s publicatio ...
Selection_and_Speciation
... The new species were unable to breed with each other (1) Populations were isolated and fed on different foods (1) This caused changes to allele frequencies between the populations (1) Which made them reproductively isolated and eventually resulted in ...
... The new species were unable to breed with each other (1) Populations were isolated and fed on different foods (1) This caused changes to allele frequencies between the populations (1) Which made them reproductively isolated and eventually resulted in ...
EP review
... More specifically: cooperators are likely to show more emotion, both positive and negative. Involuntary nature of emotional expression is taken as a given, not treated as adaptive. Presumably the ability to pick up on these signals would be adaptive, but that’s not tested here, only whether the degr ...
... More specifically: cooperators are likely to show more emotion, both positive and negative. Involuntary nature of emotional expression is taken as a given, not treated as adaptive. Presumably the ability to pick up on these signals would be adaptive, but that’s not tested here, only whether the degr ...
Behavior
... On occasion, some animals behave in ways that reduce their individual fitness but increase the fitness of others. ...
... On occasion, some animals behave in ways that reduce their individual fitness but increase the fitness of others. ...
Intra-sexual selection
... • Solitary species • Monogamous species • Polygynous species with 1 male, > 1 female • Polygynous species with >1 male, > 1 female • No parental care • Bi-parental care • Male parental care only • Female parental care only ...
... • Solitary species • Monogamous species • Polygynous species with 1 male, > 1 female • Polygynous species with >1 male, > 1 female • No parental care • Bi-parental care • Male parental care only • Female parental care only ...
AQA sample answer on social learning theory of aggression File
... effects that reinforcement has on our behaviour. Therefore, the social learning theory is all about observation and imitation which we then apply to aggression. Albert Bandura used the term ‘modelling’ to explain how humans can very quickly learn specific acts of aggression. The term modelling is so ...
... effects that reinforcement has on our behaviour. Therefore, the social learning theory is all about observation and imitation which we then apply to aggression. Albert Bandura used the term ‘modelling’ to explain how humans can very quickly learn specific acts of aggression. The term modelling is so ...
Lesson 7.1
... is: all species will choose the best partner possible for what they consider to be the most desirable traits. It happens biologically, without conscious thought. Marine animals are not different! Natural selection frequently leads to speciation. ...
... is: all species will choose the best partner possible for what they consider to be the most desirable traits. It happens biologically, without conscious thought. Marine animals are not different! Natural selection frequently leads to speciation. ...
Presentation
... Breeders learned to choose the males and females with the most desirable genetic characteristics and breed them together After many generations, breeders realized that certain varieties had unique combinations of characteristics which did not exist before (accumulation of small changes over time) Ar ...
... Breeders learned to choose the males and females with the most desirable genetic characteristics and breed them together After many generations, breeders realized that certain varieties had unique combinations of characteristics which did not exist before (accumulation of small changes over time) Ar ...
evolution
... of surviving to maturity Individuals with well suited characteristics tend to be more successful at getting resources and have a better chance of surviving to maturity ...
... of surviving to maturity Individuals with well suited characteristics tend to be more successful at getting resources and have a better chance of surviving to maturity ...
Unit 3 - Section 9.1 Types of Selection Overheads
... fish in future generations to smaller size...and that size becomes the norm 3. Disruptive Selection Favours two or more variations of a trait that differ from the current population average Favours individuals at BOTH extremes Produces distinctive forms within a population (e.g., Darwin’s fin ...
... fish in future generations to smaller size...and that size becomes the norm 3. Disruptive Selection Favours two or more variations of a trait that differ from the current population average Favours individuals at BOTH extremes Produces distinctive forms within a population (e.g., Darwin’s fin ...
EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS
... Study of evolution from a genetic point of view. Study of the change in the GENE POOL for a population Example- in a garden what percent of the roses are Red (RR), pink (Rr) or white (rr) ...
... Study of evolution from a genetic point of view. Study of the change in the GENE POOL for a population Example- in a garden what percent of the roses are Red (RR), pink (Rr) or white (rr) ...
evolution - Horace Mann Webmail
... Homo erectus “upright man” - lived 1 million years ago Homo sapiens “wise man” - 300,000 years ago ...
... Homo erectus “upright man” - lived 1 million years ago Homo sapiens “wise man” - 300,000 years ago ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... If the population is allowed to _______________the genetic makeup of future generations will be _____________ to the traits carried by those 50 surviving individuals and any new mutations 3) __________ Effect Occurs when a small number of __________________establish a new population The new ________ ...
... If the population is allowed to _______________the genetic makeup of future generations will be _____________ to the traits carried by those 50 surviving individuals and any new mutations 3) __________ Effect Occurs when a small number of __________________establish a new population The new ________ ...
PowerPoint Presentation - What is an adaptation?
... after selection on individuals. Individuals replicate faster than groups. ...
... after selection on individuals. Individuals replicate faster than groups. ...
Darwin
... evidence for evolutionary change from many sources. He also provided thoughtful explanations of the consequences of evolution for our understanding of the history of life and modern biological diversity. ...
... evidence for evolutionary change from many sources. He also provided thoughtful explanations of the consequences of evolution for our understanding of the history of life and modern biological diversity. ...
10-Sociality
... Protogyny—> Evolution of Sex —> Anisogamy Diploidy as a “fail-safe” mechanism Costs of Sexual Reproduction (halves heritability!) Facultative Sexuality (Ursula LeGuin -- Left Hand of Darkness) Protandry -- Protogyny (Social control) Parthenogenesis (unisexual species) Possible advantages of sexual r ...
... Protogyny—> Evolution of Sex —> Anisogamy Diploidy as a “fail-safe” mechanism Costs of Sexual Reproduction (halves heritability!) Facultative Sexuality (Ursula LeGuin -- Left Hand of Darkness) Protandry -- Protogyny (Social control) Parthenogenesis (unisexual species) Possible advantages of sexual r ...
Natural Selection and Evolution
... mimicry of the poisonous coral snake by the nonpoisonous king snake ...
... mimicry of the poisonous coral snake by the nonpoisonous king snake ...
File
... Circadian Rhythms: daily cycles that suggest animals may have internal clocks; not exactly 24 hrs Suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN): area of the brain where the master circadian clock is located in mammals Inclusive Fitness: fitness derived from an individual’s own reproductive success plus the success o ...
... Circadian Rhythms: daily cycles that suggest animals may have internal clocks; not exactly 24 hrs Suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN): area of the brain where the master circadian clock is located in mammals Inclusive Fitness: fitness derived from an individual’s own reproductive success plus the success o ...
Phil 212 2008 - UKZN: Philosophy - University of KwaZulu
... Briefly outline the theory of evolution by natural selection and then explain in detail how evolutionary psychology employs evolution to understand the mind. Make sure to mention what evolutionary psychologists presume about (a) the period to which humans are adapted and (b) the connection between t ...
... Briefly outline the theory of evolution by natural selection and then explain in detail how evolutionary psychology employs evolution to understand the mind. Make sure to mention what evolutionary psychologists presume about (a) the period to which humans are adapted and (b) the connection between t ...
Altruism (biology)
In biology, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the actor. Altruism in this sense is different from the philosophical concept of altruism, in which an action would only be called ""altruistic"" if it was done with the conscious intention of helping another. In the behavioural sense, there is no such requirement. As such, it is not evaluated in moral terms - it is the consequences of an action for reproductive fitness that determine whether the action is considered altruistic, not the intentions, if any, with which the action is performed.The term altruism was coined by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in French, as altruisme, for an antonym of egoism. He derived it from an Italian altrui, which in turn was derived from Latin alteri, meaning ""other people"" or ""somebody else"".Altruistic behaviours appear most obviously in kin relationships, such as in parenting, but may also be evident among wider social groups, such as in social insects. They allow an individual to increase the success of its genes by helping relatives that share those genes. Obligate altruism is the permanent loss of direct fitness (with potential for indirect fitness gain). For example, honey bee workers may forage for the colony. Facultative altruism is temporary loss of direct fitness (with potential for indirect fitness gain followed by personal reproduction) example: Florida scrub jay helping at the nest, then gaining parental territory.