3-2 ch4
... Some ants are equipped with a bacterium that acts as a pesticide on a particular mold, the largest threat to their fungus gardens. Why do they use this sparingly? T/F. Homologous structures are features in different species that are not from a shared ancestor. Give an example of an analogous str ...
... Some ants are equipped with a bacterium that acts as a pesticide on a particular mold, the largest threat to their fungus gardens. Why do they use this sparingly? T/F. Homologous structures are features in different species that are not from a shared ancestor. Give an example of an analogous str ...
Interactions of Culture and Natural Selection
... were “just naturally equal,” and there was initial resistance to this interpretation (e.g., commentaries in Boehm 1993; Erdal and Whiten 1994, 1996; see also Wiessner 1998). However, the general hypothesis now appears to be widely accepted (e.g., Knauft 1994; Wiessner 1996; commentaries in Boehm 200 ...
... were “just naturally equal,” and there was initial resistance to this interpretation (e.g., commentaries in Boehm 1993; Erdal and Whiten 1994, 1996; see also Wiessner 1998). However, the general hypothesis now appears to be widely accepted (e.g., Knauft 1994; Wiessner 1996; commentaries in Boehm 200 ...
Putting some (artificial) life into models of musical creativity
... creativity has often been a solitary affair, constructing lone monolithic systems that come up with music by themselves. Instead, can we build a more socially-motivated group of interacting artificial agents, who then create music in this social context? The answer is yes—but to do so, we need to mo ...
... creativity has often been a solitary affair, constructing lone monolithic systems that come up with music by themselves. Instead, can we build a more socially-motivated group of interacting artificial agents, who then create music in this social context? The answer is yes—but to do so, we need to mo ...
Why? Incorrect hypotheses: why animals age
... under selection to live longer. • Animals with low survival due to predation or environmental conditions reproduce earlier. • Animals with lower mortality rates can reproduce later or for a longer period and are under selection for survival to longer ages. • Traits that have deleterious effects late ...
... under selection to live longer. • Animals with low survival due to predation or environmental conditions reproduce earlier. • Animals with lower mortality rates can reproduce later or for a longer period and are under selection for survival to longer ages. • Traits that have deleterious effects late ...
the impact of religion on the evolution of cooperation and conflicts
... and exploitation, as well as to enable the group to prevail in a situation of conflict against another group. It is worth emphasising that the way of guaranteeing a relevant degree of cooperation at a lower level of competition, i.e., the intra-group, constitutes a complex question. On the one hand, ...
... and exploitation, as well as to enable the group to prevail in a situation of conflict against another group. It is worth emphasising that the way of guaranteeing a relevant degree of cooperation at a lower level of competition, i.e., the intra-group, constitutes a complex question. On the one hand, ...
Hypothetical Cognition and Coalition Enforcement Language, Morality, and Violence Lorenzo Magnani ()
... altruistic punishment may have originated primarily through individual selection pressures” (cit. p. 810).2 I have said above that groups need to detect and punish social parasites by killing or injuring them (and any cooperators who refuse to carry out punishment) and to this aim they have to gain ...
... altruistic punishment may have originated primarily through individual selection pressures” (cit. p. 810).2 I have said above that groups need to detect and punish social parasites by killing or injuring them (and any cooperators who refuse to carry out punishment) and to this aim they have to gain ...
Natural Selection at Work Factors in Natural Selection
... Evolution by Natural Selection •Natural Selection •Natural selection is differential reproductive success and natural selection leads to adaptations in a ...
... Evolution by Natural Selection •Natural Selection •Natural selection is differential reproductive success and natural selection leads to adaptations in a ...
s and abstracts for the Pitt-London Workshop in the Philosophy of
... such as differentiation, protein synthesis, and gene regulation. How these processes interact within the organism can only be understood when compared with organisms which possess homologous genes, gene sequences, similar developmental mechanisms, or those whose mechanisms for gene regulation are si ...
... such as differentiation, protein synthesis, and gene regulation. How these processes interact within the organism can only be understood when compared with organisms which possess homologous genes, gene sequences, similar developmental mechanisms, or those whose mechanisms for gene regulation are si ...
Misconceptions About Evolution and its Mechanisms
... Evolution leads to immoral behavior. If children are taught that they are animals, they will behave like animals does not make ethical statements about right and wrong helps us understand how life has changed and continues to change over time ...
... Evolution leads to immoral behavior. If children are taught that they are animals, they will behave like animals does not make ethical statements about right and wrong helps us understand how life has changed and continues to change over time ...
ASexual Reproduction
... others of the same species within the population are able to break down that food. What happens if the uncertain or less favorable conditions lead to that being the primary food source? ...
... others of the same species within the population are able to break down that food. What happens if the uncertain or less favorable conditions lead to that being the primary food source? ...
Genetics: The Science of Variation
... For a long time mankind has been aware of the general facts about heredity. This is attested by the numerous aphorisms, such as "Blood will tell"; "He is a chip off the old block"; "He comes from good (or bad) stock." . . . The first attempt to systematize the available data about heredity was that ...
... For a long time mankind has been aware of the general facts about heredity. This is attested by the numerous aphorisms, such as "Blood will tell"; "He is a chip off the old block"; "He comes from good (or bad) stock." . . . The first attempt to systematize the available data about heredity was that ...
RESEARCH INTEREST The frame work It is well known that within
... organization of brain and behaviour in vertebrates, affecting perception, emotion, cognition and motor behaviour. Our work has also applied aspects, for example for improving animal welfare in the commercial animal breeding industry, where housing conditions in one generation may affect later genera ...
... organization of brain and behaviour in vertebrates, affecting perception, emotion, cognition and motor behaviour. Our work has also applied aspects, for example for improving animal welfare in the commercial animal breeding industry, where housing conditions in one generation may affect later genera ...
The Evolution of Life Span - Molecular and Cell Biology
... - Loss of p53 function results in an increased incidence of cancer - p53 is mutated in ~80% of all human tumors ...
... - Loss of p53 function results in an increased incidence of cancer - p53 is mutated in ~80% of all human tumors ...
Darwin, Charles
... differences and in the ways in which women and men interact have derived much of their theorizing from Darwin’s ideas about sexual selection. Studies of close relationships, of how parents allocate their limited resources, and of factors affecting maturation and adolescent development have also reli ...
... differences and in the ways in which women and men interact have derived much of their theorizing from Darwin’s ideas about sexual selection. Studies of close relationships, of how parents allocate their limited resources, and of factors affecting maturation and adolescent development have also reli ...
Definition of "Grassroots Associations":
... altruism as groups and use the associational form of organization and, thus, have official memberships of volunteers who perform most, and often all, of the work/activity done in and by these nonprofits. (Smith, 2000, p. 8) Grassroots associations and paid-staff voluntary groups fall under the headi ...
... altruism as groups and use the associational form of organization and, thus, have official memberships of volunteers who perform most, and often all, of the work/activity done in and by these nonprofits. (Smith, 2000, p. 8) Grassroots associations and paid-staff voluntary groups fall under the headi ...
K and r Reproductive Strategies Each species on the earth employs
... Each species on the earth employs a different strategy to ensure that they leave offspring behind before they die. The organism’s genes usually reinforce this strategy and so it is difficult for most organisms to deviate much from their inherited strategy. There are two fundamental types of reproduc ...
... Each species on the earth employs a different strategy to ensure that they leave offspring behind before they die. The organism’s genes usually reinforce this strategy and so it is difficult for most organisms to deviate much from their inherited strategy. There are two fundamental types of reproduc ...
Evolution Review
... their own DNA and ribosomes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts can copy (replicate)themselves • Mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts have genes that are similar to prokaryotes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA ...
... their own DNA and ribosomes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts can copy (replicate)themselves • Mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts have genes that are similar to prokaryotes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA ...
Types of Natural Selection
... understanding of genetics. • According to the Synthetic Theory of Evolution, natural selection disturbs genetic equilibrium. • As a result, allele frequencies will change. • In this way, natural selection determines which adaptations are beneficial to a species. • There are three main types of natur ...
... understanding of genetics. • According to the Synthetic Theory of Evolution, natural selection disturbs genetic equilibrium. • As a result, allele frequencies will change. • In this way, natural selection determines which adaptations are beneficial to a species. • There are three main types of natur ...
4.6.05 - El Camino College
... • Inclusive fitness is measured by the genes an individual contributes to the next generation, either directly by offspring or indirectly by way of relatives. • Many of the behaviors once thought to be altruistic turn out to be examples of indirect selection and are adaptive. ...
... • Inclusive fitness is measured by the genes an individual contributes to the next generation, either directly by offspring or indirectly by way of relatives. • Many of the behaviors once thought to be altruistic turn out to be examples of indirect selection and are adaptive. ...
Behavior - Canyon ISD
... • Male ground squirrels kill others for females because they are only in heat for a few hours each year • Usually only occurs with individuals of the same species, and can be completely symbolic in nature ...
... • Male ground squirrels kill others for females because they are only in heat for a few hours each year • Usually only occurs with individuals of the same species, and can be completely symbolic in nature ...
Microevolution > Macroevolution?
... In the 1930s, "neo-Darwinists" proposed that genetic mutations (of which Darwin was unaware) could solve the problem. Although the vast majority of mutations are harmful (and thus cannot be favored by natural selection), in rare instances one may benefit an organism. For example, genetic mutations a ...
... In the 1930s, "neo-Darwinists" proposed that genetic mutations (of which Darwin was unaware) could solve the problem. Although the vast majority of mutations are harmful (and thus cannot be favored by natural selection), in rare instances one may benefit an organism. For example, genetic mutations a ...
Altruism (biology)
In biology, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the actor. Altruism in this sense is different from the philosophical concept of altruism, in which an action would only be called ""altruistic"" if it was done with the conscious intention of helping another. In the behavioural sense, there is no such requirement. As such, it is not evaluated in moral terms - it is the consequences of an action for reproductive fitness that determine whether the action is considered altruistic, not the intentions, if any, with which the action is performed.The term altruism was coined by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in French, as altruisme, for an antonym of egoism. He derived it from an Italian altrui, which in turn was derived from Latin alteri, meaning ""other people"" or ""somebody else"".Altruistic behaviours appear most obviously in kin relationships, such as in parenting, but may also be evident among wider social groups, such as in social insects. They allow an individual to increase the success of its genes by helping relatives that share those genes. Obligate altruism is the permanent loss of direct fitness (with potential for indirect fitness gain). For example, honey bee workers may forage for the colony. Facultative altruism is temporary loss of direct fitness (with potential for indirect fitness gain followed by personal reproduction) example: Florida scrub jay helping at the nest, then gaining parental territory.