The Dancing Cockroach Leg
... The woman is singing in a higher pitch (high frequency, low amplitude waves), which is not sufficient to bring the motor neuron to threshold and cause the motor neuron to fire an action potential. 4) What do you think would happen if you increased the volume of the song? The cockroach leg may move m ...
... The woman is singing in a higher pitch (high frequency, low amplitude waves), which is not sufficient to bring the motor neuron to threshold and cause the motor neuron to fire an action potential. 4) What do you think would happen if you increased the volume of the song? The cockroach leg may move m ...
`Mirror` neuron system Premotor cortex
... egocentric. The beginnings of symbolic rather than simple motor play. Transductive reasoning. Can think about something without the object being present by use of language. ...
... egocentric. The beginnings of symbolic rather than simple motor play. Transductive reasoning. Can think about something without the object being present by use of language. ...
Stimulus and response
... withdrawal reflex, including the spinal cord and its spinal nerves, the receptor cell, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron and effector. • E.1.4 Explain how animal responses can be affected by natural selection, using two examples. ...
... withdrawal reflex, including the spinal cord and its spinal nerves, the receptor cell, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron and effector. • E.1.4 Explain how animal responses can be affected by natural selection, using two examples. ...
presentation source
... – if these areas are lesioned before crystallized song has been acquired, no crystallized song will occur – if these areas are lesioned after crystallized song has been acquired, crystallized song will occur; note that this would be true only during the current breeding season of seasonal breeders ...
... – if these areas are lesioned before crystallized song has been acquired, no crystallized song will occur – if these areas are lesioned after crystallized song has been acquired, crystallized song will occur; note that this would be true only during the current breeding season of seasonal breeders ...
Ontogeny of Brain Nuclei Controlling Song Learning and Behavior
... Song behavior is a sexually dimorphic activity in many species of passerine birds. Males learn to produce a species-typical song during a so-called “critical” or sensitive period of development, whereas females sing very little or not at all (e.g., see Bottjer and Arnold, 1985, for a review). In zeb ...
... Song behavior is a sexually dimorphic activity in many species of passerine birds. Males learn to produce a species-typical song during a so-called “critical” or sensitive period of development, whereas females sing very little or not at all (e.g., see Bottjer and Arnold, 1985, for a review). In zeb ...
Box 9.1 The Basics of Sound (Part 1)
... • Auditory object is the fundamental perceptual unit in hearing • Similar to visual objects although made up of spectrotemporal regularities • Auditory scene contains numerous acoustic stimuli ...
... • Auditory object is the fundamental perceptual unit in hearing • Similar to visual objects although made up of spectrotemporal regularities • Auditory scene contains numerous acoustic stimuli ...
Nervous System
... The avian retina is relatively thick compared with that in other vertebrates. The increased thickness results in increased refraction and increased magnification. (P. 187, Gill) ...
... The avian retina is relatively thick compared with that in other vertebrates. The increased thickness results in increased refraction and increased magnification. (P. 187, Gill) ...
Box 9.1 The Basics of Sound (Part 1)
... External and Internal Structures of the Human Ear (Part 1) ...
... External and Internal Structures of the Human Ear (Part 1) ...
Auditory information processing at the cortical level
... The primary auditory cortex appears to be well organised with respect to frequency and carries on its surface a “map” of the cochlea, as is found in the subcortical nuclei. High frequency excitation, orignating in the base of the cochlea, is received in neurons located in the more medial portion of ...
... The primary auditory cortex appears to be well organised with respect to frequency and carries on its surface a “map” of the cochlea, as is found in the subcortical nuclei. High frequency excitation, orignating in the base of the cochlea, is received in neurons located in the more medial portion of ...
Infant Sleep: A Precursor to Adult Sleep?
... changes in the firing patterns of LMAN neurons projecting into the motor pathway accompany changes in song. That LMAN inactivation reduces song variability quickly and reversibly, the authors argue, indicates that LMAN supports experimental behavior and controls song variability by providing rapid i ...
... changes in the firing patterns of LMAN neurons projecting into the motor pathway accompany changes in song. That LMAN inactivation reduces song variability quickly and reversibly, the authors argue, indicates that LMAN supports experimental behavior and controls song variability by providing rapid i ...
Nervous System
... • A male that has been hatched and reared in isolation can sing but not the species specific song. • If a young bird hears the adult song but its hearing is blocked before spring it is unable to repeat the song. • This means it has to hear its own singing and match what it hears with what was progra ...
... • A male that has been hatched and reared in isolation can sing but not the species specific song. • If a young bird hears the adult song but its hearing is blocked before spring it is unable to repeat the song. • This means it has to hear its own singing and match what it hears with what was progra ...
Middle and long-latency evoked potentials
... • LLEP has the added advantage that speech can be used instead of tonal stimuli. ...
... • LLEP has the added advantage that speech can be used instead of tonal stimuli. ...
MCB105 Motor Learning Lecture by Bence Olveczky 2015 Apr 8
... sequence. Zebrafinches only have one motif Motor stage (age 35days or so) Starts to sing – at first just “babbling”, but improves over time. Just before sexual maturity (90 days), song is perfected. Syrinx (similar to larynx) Syringeal muscles to change configuration of voice box Air pressure throug ...
... sequence. Zebrafinches only have one motif Motor stage (age 35days or so) Starts to sing – at first just “babbling”, but improves over time. Just before sexual maturity (90 days), song is perfected. Syrinx (similar to larynx) Syringeal muscles to change configuration of voice box Air pressure throug ...
SONG THRUSH AND BLACKBIRD
... • Blackbirds have a more varied diet than that of song thrushes. Both eat earthworms year-round, but song thrushes are more dependent on them, particularly in winter and spring. Young birds are fed mostly on earthworms in spring, but insects begin to form the basis of their diet as the season progre ...
... • Blackbirds have a more varied diet than that of song thrushes. Both eat earthworms year-round, but song thrushes are more dependent on them, particularly in winter and spring. Young birds are fed mostly on earthworms in spring, but insects begin to form the basis of their diet as the season progre ...
network songs - Personal.psu.edu
... the solution to the network equations. The solution is a set of firing rates, one per neuron, as a function of time. Finally, associate a piano key to each neuron, and use the neuron’s firing rate to modulate the amplitude of the key’s frequency. Superimpose the amplitude-modulated frequencies for a ...
... the solution to the network equations. The solution is a set of firing rates, one per neuron, as a function of time. Finally, associate a piano key to each neuron, and use the neuron’s firing rate to modulate the amplitude of the key’s frequency. Superimpose the amplitude-modulated frequencies for a ...
E3 Scholarship Project Description Birdsong Forensics for Species Identification and Separation
... Brief Description of the Research The analysis of birdsong has increased in the speech processing community in the past fve years. Much of the reported research has concentrated on the identfcaton of bird species from their songs or calls. Smartphone apps have been developed that claim to identfy au ...
... Brief Description of the Research The analysis of birdsong has increased in the speech processing community in the past fve years. Much of the reported research has concentrated on the identfcaton of bird species from their songs or calls. Smartphone apps have been developed that claim to identfy au ...
Inverse Models Predict Mirroring Offsets and Explain the Acquisition
... networks by associating random motor explorations with their future sensory consequences [1]. In this theory the inverse model forms in the synaptic connections from sensory to motor neurons, allowing the conversion of a sensory memory (for example a tutor song template) into the necessary motor pat ...
... networks by associating random motor explorations with their future sensory consequences [1]. In this theory the inverse model forms in the synaptic connections from sensory to motor neurons, allowing the conversion of a sensory memory (for example a tutor song template) into the necessary motor pat ...
is here
... network via UVA & NIF acts a delay produces efference copy comparison with acoustic input Check that birds is singing “correctly” ...
... network via UVA & NIF acts a delay produces efference copy comparison with acoustic input Check that birds is singing “correctly” ...
Song Learning in Birds
... Birds sing to communicate. Male birds use song to advertise their territories and attract females. Each bird species has a unique song or set of songs. Song conveys both species and individual identity. In most species, young birds learn some features of adult song. Song develops gradually from amor ...
... Birds sing to communicate. Male birds use song to advertise their territories and attract females. Each bird species has a unique song or set of songs. Song conveys both species and individual identity. In most species, young birds learn some features of adult song. Song develops gradually from amor ...
Bird vocalization
Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs. In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear. In ornithology and birding, (relatively complex) songs are distinguished by function from (relatively simple) calls.